Preliminary Organizational Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Preliminary Organizational Analysis - Assignment Example The reason for selecting TransAD’s case study is that I am working as a Communication Manager at TransAD since 2007, and I have a keen eye on the issues prevailing in the operational systems of the company. Introduction to the Organization TransAD came into existence in 2006 with the vision of setting benchmarks in taxi regulatory industry of Abu Dhabi according to global standards. TansAD was inaugurated by His Highness Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan. TransAD believes on establishing corporate loyalty amongst its customers by providing them comfortable taxi services at their door step. At the same time, the objective of the company is to regulate the taxi traffic in Emriates of Abu Dhabi. Previously, the taxi services provided in Abu Dhabi were owned by private owners as well as taxi service providers. Now, these companies have merged into one and named as TransAD (The Center of Regulations by Hire Cars). The primary aim of establishing TransAD was to bring uniformity in the taxi operations, policies and regulations (TransAD, 2013). At the moment, the company is facing many issues from strategic and operational point of view. Majority of these problems are caused due to improper planning and execution of the essential projects or processes of organizational development. The senior management of the company thinks that these problems are there because the team co-ordinators are not effectively leading and managing their team. The reduced performance of TransAD’s leaders is also reflected in other aspects of the organization such as hiring of the work force, financial controlling, project management and handling etc. Then there are problems in performance evaluation, which is also the resultant of reduced reporting and monitoring by the TransAD’s team co-ordinators. Synopsis of the Problem Being in the travelling services business, TransAD faces a number of challenges such as recklessness of its taxi drivers or the high employee turnover . Especially challenges in hiring a loyal and consistent work force has remained a significant concern for TransAD. This is because the drivers handle the cash which they receive from the customers against the taxi fares. In this regard, there are a number of incidents reported. For example, a driver left the taxi at the stand and kept the cash for the whole day that he received as taxi fare. The high turnover or employees leaving without prior notice is the resultant of lower level of employee motivation due to organizational issues, boredom at the job and unattractive bonus/incentive packages offered to employees. But from the analysis of TransAD’s operations, it is revealed that the organization has undergone a number of significant strategic issues in its operating capacity. Such as, offering loyalty card benefits to customers or offering customers with inter-city travelling through its taxi services. This particular project has been delayed or not executed efficiently. I nadequate planning and execution of the projects is the biggest reason why organizations fail to achieve its desired aims and objectives. Other reasons being weak management of changed environment and policies, working in the absence of a work plan, poor use of mediums of communication and lack of management quality (Dinsmore & Cabanis-Brewin, 2010). At

Impact of New Media Technologies on the News

Impact of New Media Technologies on the News This essay argues that new media technologies have impacted on the structure of international news. As development of new media technologies is not a linear progression (Logan, 2010), what constitutes ‘new media technology’ changes from time to time. The exact definition of new media is arbitrary as television back in the 1950s is considered the new media but at this present moment, it no longer is. Recognising the transitory of the term ‘new media technologies’, I agree with Logan (2010)’s definition of new media technologies as digital, two-way interactive media with ‘the ability to combine text, audio, digital video, the Web, email, chat and a cell phone’ (ibid, 2010: 5), which is different from electric mass media such as TV or Radio posit by McLuhan in 1964 (ibid, 2010). As Shapiro (1999) articulates, â€Å"the emergence of new, digital technologies signal a radical shift of who is in control of information, experience and resources † (cited in Croteau William, 2003: 322) reinforces my support on the statement that new media technologies have impacted the structure of international news. Therefore, in order to illustrate my stance, I will discuss how the functionality of new media technologies, specifically mobile devices and the social media platform- Twitter have impacted the structure of international news in terms of its news production and distribution. Furthermore, I will look at the wider discussion sphere as to how new media technologies have impacted the media environment with relations to the structure of international news. As media coverage on international news according to Moeller (1999) focuses mainly on war, famine, pestilence and human misery issues, I will be using the case studies of 7/7 London Bombing and the Israel-Gaza conflict as examples. First of all, this essay argues that the functionality of new media technologies like smartphones have impacted the structure of international news in terms of news production. With the increase to access and ownership of new media technologies, in this context culture production tools, â€Å"today everyone is a reporter† (Utley cited in Holms, 2001: 126). Smartphones are typically defined as mobile phones with advanced capabilities such as internet access, camera function, voice and video recording (Smith, 2011). These capabilities within a mobile device, I argue are potential mediated tools for news gathering, enabling ordinary citizens to generate their own news content especially in times of unfortunate event. For example, during the 7/7 London bombing incident where journalists were denied access to the sites of bombings, the public capture images and videos of the bombing attacks using smartphones (Allan, 2007). These photographs and videos captured by ‘people who are not professional journalists and are unrelated to news organisations’ are what Wardle Williams (2008) defined as user-generated contents (UGC). With relations to the 7/7, news agency and organisation like Reuters and Sky News initially have no confirmation of what was going on at London’s Liverpool Street station (Allan, 2007). Instead of obtaining news material from professional journalists, evidences of this breaking news came from UGC captured by eye-witnesses (Allan, 2007). This demonstrates that in times of emergency, producer of international news rested in the hands of whoever has the means of cultural production (Beckett, 2009). Realizing the difficulties entering the site of incident, BBC News site publicly solicit photos and statement of witness (Allan, 2007) and as a result, received over thousands of news materials. As such, this proves that the functionality of new media technologies like that of smartphones has enabled the production of UGC, thus aff ecting the production of international news which are formerly generated ‘exclusively’ by professional journalists (Beckett, 2009). Due to the functionality of smartphones that connects users to the Internet, this essay moves on to argue that social media, another form of new media technology has impacted the structure of international news in terms of news sourcing and distribution. Hahn (2013) asserts that BBC journalists’ referral to Twitter has increased by 500% between 2010 and 2012. As opposed to traditional international news sourcing which rely on the four global news agencies namely Agence France-Presse, Associated Press, Reuters and Agencia EFE (Belair-Gagnon, 2013), Twitter has become a valuable source of reportage for modern journalists (Hermida, 2010). BBC News editor agreed that social media help journalists to see what people were seeing and experiencing in real time (Belair-Gagnon, 2013). For example, updates of 7/7 bombing documented by citizens on Twitter allow news organisations to come up with a precise timeline of the attacks. Furthermore, amateur journalists who are on the ground in t imes of emergency sent texts on to Twitter and further spread it across other social media like Facebook, Instagram and MySpace through actions of ‘re-tweeting’, re-blogging’, ‘sharing,’, and ‘tagging’ (Belair-Gagnon, 2013). This decentralized distribution of international news to not only official news organisations but also other unofficial avenues like that of social media is a sign of how new media technologies have impacted on the previously vertically distributed international news (Goode, 2009) by changing it into the present day horizontally shared model. However, I acknowledge that there have been concerns over the quality of UGC and legitimacy of tweets used in international news reporting (Bowman Willis, 2003). For example, in the event of the 7/7 bombing, mainstream media misreported the number of explosions, causing many to thought there were six explosions but in actual there were only three (BBC News, 2005). Despite the uncertainty over the authenticity of the information extracted from social media, mainstream media still adopts the ‘publish then filter’ journalistic style (Kperogi, 2011). As messages on Twitter often consist of unsubstantiated rumours whenever there is a major breaking news event, such unverified news source may jeopardizes a media organisation’s corporate ideology such as that of BBC’s ‘being impartial and accurate’ (Hermida, 2010). Nevertheless, despite such risks, BBC still broadcasted a ‘shaky’ video clip taken with camera documenting the real-life sto ry event of commuters being trapped underground (Allan, 2007). This is probably due to public’s demand for minute-by-minute report (Belair-Gagnon, 2013), especially in times of emergency like that of 7/7 has changed the traditional structure of international news of presenting news as a whole. Owing to globalization, flow of information has speeded up and with global communications infrastructures that links distant communities across the globe, new media technologies supply us news feeds across the world (Terry, 2007). As such, this essay argues that despite the controversy over the inaccuracy and low quality of news sourced via new media technologies, UGC remain valuable to newsgathering in times of crisis (Belair-Gagnon, 2013). After looking at how new media technologies have impacted the structure of international news in terms of production and distribution, I further argue that new media technologies has caused a ripple effect to the wider international news media environment. This statement is supported by Kperogi (2011)’s assertion that the new media technologies have challenged the ‘dominant cultural hegemony’ of global media organisations. For example, the emergence of citizen journalists which is the resultant of new media technologies have become the watchdog of mainstream media (McQuail, 2008), thus indirectly affecting the structure of international news. Meraz (2011) further contends that as contemporary cultural production tools have been ‘democratized to the masses’, the increase in citizen journalism has contributed to the creation of panopticon effect where mainstream media are under the surveillance of citizen monitoring (Stones cited in Meraz, 2011). As a m atter of fact, citizen journalists who are generally perceived to uphold the notion of ‘freedom of expression’ (Krumsvik, 2010) often question the editorial structure of international news which they condemned as narrow, homogenous and pre-determined by news agencies (Holm, 2001). As the Internet has allowed media users to bypass traditional gatekeeper in publishing news (Holm, 2001), citizens are being given an opportunity to create a networked public sphere that deviates from the hegemony public sphere. For example, the creation of Twitter-sphere and the use of hashtag ‘#’ (Butcher cited in Hermida, 2010) such as #GazaUnderAttack demonstrate a deviation from the Western international news that deliberate structure Israel as the only victim in the Israel-Gaza conflict. As such, I argue that the prominent usage of hashtag demonstrates how new media is used to provide narratives of war from a marginalized group’s news angle. As the intention of contem porary journalists practice is to provide independent and wide-ranging information that a democracy requires in news reporting (Bowman Willis, 2003), Goode (2009) reckons such journalistic practices poses challenge to mainstream corporate media. Therefore, new media technologies have empowered citizen journalists the ability to challenge the spreading of the dominant Western worldview on the structure of international news. In order to mediate the contestation from citizens as discussed above, international news organisations such as CNN, BBC, ABC, Fox News and MSNBC initiate corporate-mediated citizen journalism projects such as iReport.com, UCG Hub, i-Caught, uReport.com and FirstPerson.com. (Belair-Gagnon, 2011; Kperogi, 2011). This incorporation of citizen journalism in the mainstream media offers ordinary people the opportunity to contribute unedited, unfiltered and uncensored UGC (Kperogi, 2011), reflecting news organisations democratic practice in news structuring. Furthermore, news organisations also solicit public’s opinion for example, BBC uses SMS poll to gather audiences’ heterogeneity views (Lee-Wright, 2010). This connotes news organisations, in the face of new media technologies advocate open conversation, transparency as well as encouraging heterogeneity of opinions in structuring international news reporting (Belair-Gagnon, 2011) by recognizing the usefulness and credibili ty of UGC (Bruns, 2007). Nevertheless, I argue that this adoption of corporate-mediated citizen journalism is a double-edged sword that on one side, seemingly advocating citizen journalism but on the other hand, retaining the dominant hegemony ideology. As Jurrat (2011) asserts, structure of international news can never be free of hegemonic control. Kperogi (2011) further points out that the very creation of corporate-mediated citizen journalism in actual represent hegemony cooptation of citizen journalism. This statement is reflected through Moeller (1999)’s assertion that international news reporting have always made references that resonates and emphasizes the Americans in mainstream news channel. This is because media globalization is dominated by Western transnational media corporation and as such, allowing the West, particularly the United States to exert hegemony across the world (Terry, 2007). For example, even though UGC are gathered in CNN’s iReport.com, the selection of these UGC is still subjected to the control of gatekeeper (Kperogi, 2011). Such highly editorially controlled news suggests that homogeneity opinions are still very much preferred (Lee-Wright, 2010), thus implying that media cultural imperialism still exist. News help stronger countries influence weaker ones. For example, in the Israel-Gaza conflict, CNN and Fox News presents the Hamas group as terrorist organisation, framing the idea for audiences that US support for Israel is justified. Being one of the superpower in the media industry, the spreading such homogenous media content worldwide (Terry, 2007) is undeniable, branding Hamas or rather Palestinians as terrorists. Furthermore, there may even be a possibility of media domestication (MacGregor, 2013) where actions of altering video and text supplied by making it relevant to local context such as modifying news angles and omitting irrelevant material. For example, the way how the current Gaza war is narrated conforms to the Western’s dominant hegemony ideology of framing the Hamas as terrorist organisation instead of showing how Palestinians being victimized. Such deliberate framing I argue, gives the US authority the justification to supply ammunition to Israel. This essay concludes that new media technologies have indeed impacted on the structure of international news in terms of its production, where news organisations have become reliant on user-generated content and its distribution, where previously vertically distributed news have become horizontally distributed. Besides that, social media, Twitter in particular has emerged as a powerful tool for reporting breaking news stories and generating stories angles (Belair-Gagnon, 2011). Even though there have been speculations over the usage of UGC and Twitter feeds, I argue that these new media technologies still have positive significances in the structure of international news. Discussing on a wider spectrum, new media technologies have further advocated the manifestation of citizen journalism which proves to pose quite a challenge to the hegemonic structure of international news. Nevertheless, I concede that the dominant Western ideologies of media organisations though being contested, re main dominating in this global media landscape. As a conclusion, in this globalized technological determinism society, technology is the impetus in the development of cultural production, in this context, the structure of international news.

Maya Angelou: Hope into Art Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays

Maya Angelou: Hope into Art      Ã‚  Ã‚   Before delving into a discussion of celebrated writer Maya Angelou, a fuller understanding of the worldview that shapes her work can be gleaned from a brief review of a few lines from the 1962 Nobel Prize winning speech of another celebrated writer, John Steinbeck:    The writer is delegated to declare and to celebrate man's proven capacity for greatness of heart and spirit--for gallantry in defeat, for courage, compassion and love. In the endless war against weakness and despair, these are the bright rally flags of hope and of emulation. I hold that a writer who does not passionately believe in the perfectability of man has no dedication nor any membership in literature. (Steinbeck 1)    In Angelou's first novel, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, she examines how a bird (soul) that is caged (unfree) would still sing.   I was curious about this and my main question after reading the story is how Angelou came to such a hopeful worldview despite her many horrific life experiences (poverty, racism, assassinations, divorce, etc.).      The roller-coaster life of Maya Angelou has included many ups and downs that have become the stuff out of which she has written a six volume autobiography, beginning with I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings and ending recently with the last installment, A Song Flung up to Heaven.   Angelou was born Marguerite Johnson on April 4, 1928, in St. Louis, Missouri (Weaver G-10).   Angelou's life has been filled with chaos and despair as well as success and love.   She was raped by her mother's boyfriend at the age of 8 and at various times in her life she toiled in a variety of occupations including Creole cook, calypso dancer, actress, madam, civil-righ... ...ranscript).   WNET, Available: http://www.newsun.com/angelou.html, 2002: 1-3. Jones, H.   Maya fires a silver-tipped arrow right to the heart.   Western Main, Jun 5, 2002: 12. Kelley, K.   Visions: Maya Angelou.   Mother Jones, Available: http://www.motherjones.com/mother_jones/MJ95/kelley.html, 2002: 1-4. Kizis, S.   Two women: Maya Angelou's character sketches.   Writing, Apr/May 2002: 16-18. Steinbeck, J.   1962 Nobel Prize winning acceptance speech.   San Jose State University, Available: http://www.sjsu. edu/depts/steinbec/nobel.html, 1962: 1-2. Weaver, T. K. Hope is not naà ¯ve.   Pittsburgh Post, May 12, 2002: G-10. Wilson, S.   A Song Flung Up to Heaven: Lyricism, liberty and a lesson in hope.   Scotland on Sunday, Jun 16, 2002: 5.          6                                                 Maya Angelou: Hope into Art Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays Maya Angelou: Hope into Art      Ã‚  Ã‚   Before delving into a discussion of celebrated writer Maya Angelou, a fuller understanding of the worldview that shapes her work can be gleaned from a brief review of a few lines from the 1962 Nobel Prize winning speech of another celebrated writer, John Steinbeck:    The writer is delegated to declare and to celebrate man's proven capacity for greatness of heart and spirit--for gallantry in defeat, for courage, compassion and love. In the endless war against weakness and despair, these are the bright rally flags of hope and of emulation. I hold that a writer who does not passionately believe in the perfectability of man has no dedication nor any membership in literature. (Steinbeck 1)    In Angelou's first novel, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, she examines how a bird (soul) that is caged (unfree) would still sing.   I was curious about this and my main question after reading the story is how Angelou came to such a hopeful worldview despite her many horrific life experiences (poverty, racism, assassinations, divorce, etc.).      The roller-coaster life of Maya Angelou has included many ups and downs that have become the stuff out of which she has written a six volume autobiography, beginning with I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings and ending recently with the last installment, A Song Flung up to Heaven.   Angelou was born Marguerite Johnson on April 4, 1928, in St. Louis, Missouri (Weaver G-10).   Angelou's life has been filled with chaos and despair as well as success and love.   She was raped by her mother's boyfriend at the age of 8 and at various times in her life she toiled in a variety of occupations including Creole cook, calypso dancer, actress, madam, civil-righ... ...ranscript).   WNET, Available: http://www.newsun.com/angelou.html, 2002: 1-3. Jones, H.   Maya fires a silver-tipped arrow right to the heart.   Western Main, Jun 5, 2002: 12. Kelley, K.   Visions: Maya Angelou.   Mother Jones, Available: http://www.motherjones.com/mother_jones/MJ95/kelley.html, 2002: 1-4. Kizis, S.   Two women: Maya Angelou's character sketches.   Writing, Apr/May 2002: 16-18. Steinbeck, J.   1962 Nobel Prize winning acceptance speech.   San Jose State University, Available: http://www.sjsu. edu/depts/steinbec/nobel.html, 1962: 1-2. Weaver, T. K. Hope is not naà ¯ve.   Pittsburgh Post, May 12, 2002: G-10. Wilson, S.   A Song Flung Up to Heaven: Lyricism, liberty and a lesson in hope.   Scotland on Sunday, Jun 16, 2002: 5.          6                                                

American Imperialism – 1

APUSH Mrs. Cox 3/7/2013 (B) In the late 1800s, the United States embarked on a new wave of expansionism during which it acquired overseas territories. Explain the reasons for this new wave of expansionism. American Imperialism has been a part of United States history since the American Revolution. Imperialism is practice by powerful nations or people seeking to expand and maintain control or influence over weaker nations. The United States switch to imperialist behavior in 1898 has caused great historical attention.After all, the United States had generally claimed to stand in opposition to the practice of taking colonies, instead being an advocate of freedom, democracy, and self-government for all. However, the United States saw a need for expanding more. The United States embarked on a new wave of expansionism in the late 1800's because of its desire for new markets, America’s aggressive mood, and new military strength. In the late 1800's, agricultural and industrial product ion was booming in the United States. In fact the production was so high that Americans could no longer buy all of the products created.Because of this, big businesses supported expansionism so they had new markets to trade with and make more profit. The businesses also feared running out of natural resources. Many believed that overseas markets would provide a safety valve to relieve the pressures of labor violence and agrarian unrest. During this time, there was a large volume of American business men visiting Hawaii. These men saw Hawaii not only as a place to vacation, but a place of investment. The ports in Hawaii would allow the American business men to trade with other nations such as Asia and China.America saw the need to expand their belief in â€Å"White Anglo-Saxon superiority†. During the late 1800's, America was very aggressive. This can be attributed to people interpreting Darwinism to mean that the earth belonged to the strong and fit, like the United States. I t also can be attributed to the belief that if America was to survive in the competition of modern nation-states, it would have to become an imperial power. Africa being divided up by the Europeans worried Americans about losing its status as a world power. There are multiple examples of this new aggressive mood.For example, the lynching of 11 Italians in 1891 brought the two countries to the brink of war. Another example is when two sailors were killed in Chile. When Chile rejected American protests, hostilities seemed inevitable. The willingness of Americans to risk war over such distant and minor disputes demonstrated the aggressive new national war. After the Civil War, America's navy was not that powerful compared to European Countries. The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, written by Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan in 1890, showed how important a strong navy is and spurred development in the United States.The development of the new steel navy in the late 1800s opened up possibi lities overseas such as controlling the Hawaiian Islands and the Samoas. Hawaii was considered as the â€Å"crossroads of the Pacific†. Ports like Pearl Harbor was seen fit to be used as a coaling station to help supply the US Navy in future operations in the Pacific. In fact, Hawaii could have easily worked as a coaling station without formal annexation, since American businessmen essentially controlled the island anyway. Nonetheless, keeping with the spirit of the times, the US annexed Hawaii on July 7, 1898 granting Hawaiians with full US citizenship.This new military strength played a big role in expansionism. With the new military strength, America was able to obtain more territories like Cuba and the Philippines. America embarked on a new wave of expansionism in the late 1800's because of its economic benefits, America's aggressive mood, and its new military strength. Although the United States had generally claimed to stand in opposition to the practice of taking colon ies, instead being an advocate of freedom, democracy, and self-government for all. The United States saw a need for expanding more, this was the need to become a strong world power!

An essay considering whether Romeo and Juliet Essay

‘Romeo and Juliet’ was a play written by William Shakespeare in 1595. William Shakespeare died on St. George’s day, 23rd April, 1616, making ‘Romeo and Juliet’ one of his earlier plays; written in what is now described as his second period, from his joining the Lord Chamberlain’s men in 1594 to the opening of the Globe Theatre in 1599. The diversity of Shakespeare’s work included comedies, histories and tragedies as well as poetry. ‘Romeo and Juliet’ comes under the category of a tragedy, tragedy meaning an event in which something dreadful occurs, or in a theatrical sense a serious play with a tragic theme, often involving a heroic struggle and the downfall of the main character. This definition of tragedy relates to ‘Romeo and Juliet’ because it is a play in which both the principal characters die in preventable circumstances at the close of the play. The downfall of Romeo and Juliet occurs by the fact that both characters start as young, beautiful descendents of powerful families and find themselves fleeing the city of Verona in fear of their lives and their relationship – both banished by the authorities or their own households. However, an alternative view could be developed by looking at the perception of the word tragedy when the play was written; in the late 16th century. People of the time were of the view that if something tragic were to happen it must happen to a person of innocence, otherwise it is not technically tragic. Romeo is not an innocent person because he takes the life of another person on more that one occasion, with the murders of Tybalt and Paris. Even though there is the argument that these crimes were a consequence of his obsessive and at times over-enthusiastic love for Juliet, they are still actions that take away his virtuousness. Juliet damages her purity by treating the wishes and guidance of her parents with contempt and disregarding the arranged marriage to Paris. These egocentric actions help develop another, more imperfect impression of the two protagonists which provides an argument against ‘Romeo and Juliet’ being a tragic play. In further illustration, tragic storylines generally end in unhappy circumstances, which on the one hand ‘Romeo and Juliet’ does with the many deaths, â€Å"for never was a story of more woe, than this of Juliet and her Romeo.† Whilst on the other hand it could be argued that a more exultant conclusion occurs by the fact that the long-standing feud between the Montagues and the Capulets is finally resolved through their deaths. Basis for this statement is provided in the final scene by Capulet, â€Å"O brother Montague, give me thy hand, this is my daughter’s jointure, for no more can I demand.† In Shakespearean times ‘Romeo and Juliet’ would have been compared to such tragic plays as ‘Hamlet’ and ‘Macbeth’ which were tragedies to the exact definition because they entailed stories of monarchs with flawed characters diminishing from the highest place in society to death over the course of the play. These stories fulfilled the public criteria for a tragic tale; a concept initially introduced by Aristotle, a Greek philosopher who lived from 384 to 382 BC. He produced directives for the perfect tragedy, concepts which heavily influenced academics and writers throughout Europe. He dictated that, â€Å"the tragic heroes of any play must be people of royal or other high-born backgrounds.† Therefore, ‘Romeo and Juliet’ can be argued against being a tragedy because the two central characters are not royalty or part of any particular hierarchy. Many contend that being young and beautiful puts them in a social position to surpass most to begin with, although this does not fit unerringly into Aristotle’s theory. Aristotle exactly specifies the protagonists must be of â€Å"royal or other high-born backgrounds,† explicitly kings or generals, which Romeo and Juliet are not. The aforementioned statement can be supported by the following quotation from act three, scene one, in which Romeo’s killing of Tybalt is analysed, with the prince announcing, â€Å"Immediately we do exile him hence.† The fact that he has been exiled prior to his death illustrates further the fact that he is at a low point in society. Additionally, Aristotle also expresses his belief that these high born protagonists should have fatal flaws which lead to their downfall. Romeo’s fatal flaw is his impetuous and spontaneous nature which causes him to act before thoroughly thinking about what he is doing and considering the consequences of his actions. An example of his rashness comes when Balthasar tells Romeo that Juliet is dead, not knowing it is a faked death, â€Å"hire post-horses, I will hence to-night.† Here he is saying he will return to Verona, which he has been banished from, without waiting for news from Friar Lawrence; an action, as the audience soon finds out, that causes his death. His hot-headed rashness develops into the fuel for his uncontrollable obsession for his love, Juliet; who herself is fatally flawed by her notorious and narcissistic disobedience which causes her to defy the instructions and beliefs of her family. Juliet becomes so caught up in the irrepressible ardour of her relationship with Romeo that she fails to see the outrage and hatred she is rousing from an already hostile feud between two households. An example of her defiance comes when her mother tells her of her arranged marriage to Paris, â€Å"He shall not make me there a joyful bride.† Here she refuses to marry Paris, which infuriates her parents, causing them to reject their daughter; and inevitably her character’s downfall as she is now shamed. These self-centred actions defiantly caused their demise leading to their death because if they both were to act with less haste when fuelling their love for each other then some of the consequences that occurred may have been p revented. Therefore, it is possible to maintain that Romeo and Juliet both suffered dramatic downfalls due to their own actions. On the contrary to this it could also be argued that as both their families recognised their lives by erecting statues of them, â€Å"for I will raise her statue in pure gold,† their characters therefore living on in a manner of speaking, meaning that their characters were not entirely degraded by their actions, thus rendering their characters not downfallen. Moreover, another notion primarily introduced by Aristotle was centred around the audience’s perception of a tragedy, and how this could be used to define a tragic play. He said that the audience should feel pity and terror, pity for the hero and terror at the importance of the gods. This relates to ‘Romeo and Juliet’ in the sense that the heroic characters are Romeo and Juliet themselves, whom the audience does feel a certain amount of pity for because of the unfortunate and seemingly preventable misfortunes that happen to them throughout the course of the play. Juliet is pitied for the fact that she is disowned by her family, â€Å"do as thou wilt, for I have done with thee.†

Medical case study plans Essays

Medical case study plans Essays Medical case study plans Paper Medical case study plans Paper What would you recommend to Jeffery’s parents Jeffrey’s parents are now in the condition that at least they should have nurse to take care of Jeffery and play with him. The nurse will also be responsible for teaching Jeffrey at home. Though the child is difficult to handle but play and study will sharpen his skills. By remaining dull at home without any training and skill development program his condition will deteriorate. He can further sharpen his skills if gets proper training. If mom starts to go at work again then she can bear the cost of a nurse and their finances will improve. With help of a nurse Mom will have enough time for her job. CASE STUDY # 2 Deafness What would you recommend to Susannah’s parents? Susannah parents must have a complete medical check up for the girl to exclude any underlying cause of hearing loss. Parents should get hearing aid for the kid. They must admit the kid in special schools for deaf where the teachers will provide special care and learning aids with all other deaf kids. By studying in deaf care school Susannah will be more comfortable with other children of hearing impairment and where her teachers will understand her and provide an interaction medium for learning and communication skills. Special deaf care staff will help Susannah according to her needs and she’ll gain confidence while she’ll able to learn and communicate. CASE STUDY # 3 Blindness What would you say to Robert to ease his anxiety? Yes there are special schools available for blind children. James should be immediately admitted in the school for blind children. His teachers will help him out learning with special tools developed for blind. At school for blind he will get special attention and learning aids from teachers and he will be able to learn and get education as other children get. Secondly, James’ father must give some individual attention to his kid so that he may know that he has got a father who loves and cares for him. Just spending money is not enough. Children always need love and care for their emotional needs. CASE STUDY # 4 Down Syndrome How would you respond? Parents must hire a nanny or nurse for Tommy to take care of him at home. When he becomes 3 he must be admitted in school for disabled children where he’ll get proper attention according to his needs. Learning skills will improve his mental activity. He must also get special therapy for current physical condition. Parents must also give special attention to their elder daughter Mara. It is important to give her attention and take interest in her studies as well. For Tommy’s normal physical and mental development he needs special full time attention and treatment for normal muscle development and acquiring cognitive skills. PART B Due: Week 10 Value: 30% Plan for Case Study # 1 Cerebral Palsy Child Name: Jeffery Child’s age = 3 years Area of development the experience will support: Motor development, speech development and cognitive development Why the experience is appropriate Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a group of conditions affecting one or more parts of brain resulting in loss or imbalanced control of movement and posture. The child is unable to move in correct posture, he also faces difficulty in controlling the movement of his arms and legs. If proper treatment provided then child’s abilities can be significantly improved. The children with CP will have unbalanced growth of muscle, tendon and bones. In normal kids the growth of muscle, tendons and bone take place at same rate but in CP kids muscles and bones grow at different rate because of contractures and spasticity. The child needs physical therapy to develop normal control and movement of his muscles. It involves regular motion exercises, stretches, muscle exercises, training for movements, maintaining posture while sitting, lying, walking, dressing and using bathroom. A description of the experience Speech therapy can help a lot to develop speech and good control of facial and throat muscles. Child will develop communication skills and also control his muscles while eating. Drooling may be controlled with this therapy. Psychotherapy may be provided to improve behavior of the frustrated child. Medications can be used as directed by the doctor. However, these include antispasmodics the muscle relaxants (Baclofen, Valium ® and Dantrium ®) for muscle contraction and spasticity. Phenobarbital and Anticonvulsants are usually prescribed for seizures. Anticholinergics are used to control abnormal movements, and mild laxatives stool softeners if need for constipation. A list of any materials required for the experience: equipments for movements of kid and computer for learning Skills the experience will support: Motor skills, movement, Speech, learning skills Plan for Case Study # 2 Deafness Child Name: Susannah Child’s age = 4. 5 years Area of development the experience will support: Cognitive development, hearing and vision Why the experience is appropriate As child is deaf, she cannot hear the words and hence her communication is also affected. Child learns form other’s people speech the language, words, and way of communication. Those who are deaf do not develop communication skills from hearing others. Hence special experience will be develop to let the child learn from other means. A description of the experience: Special training with expressions and acting. Visual experiences will be used to help her learn to speak and communicate. A list of any materials required for the experience: Computer, hearing aids and visual aid equipments Skills the experience will support Improve hearing and ability to respond when others communicate or express something. It will improve cognitive skills and enhance learning in child. Plan for Case Study # 3 Blindness Child Name: James Child’s age = 3 years Area of development the experience will support: Self-care, communication, learning, cognitive, behavior and interaction with other people. Why the experience is appropriate: This will enhance interaction of kid with other people, their language will be improved, and he’ll develop social skills. He’ll also improve his behavior and learn manners. A description of the experience: learning experience with touch of things, touch of key boarded and computer aided learning A list of any materials required for the experience: computer, keyboard, alphabets and toys Skills the experience will support Child will become independent and learn to self-care. His cognition and sensory skills will be improved. Plan for Case Study # 4 Down Syndrome Child Name: Tommy Child’s age = 2. 5 years Area of development the experience will support: Cognitive development, motor skills, and speech development Why the experience is appropriate Children who suffer from down syndrome have lower IQ. Their cognitive and physical development is very poor. They encounter problems in hearing and vision. They may also have heart defects and poor resistance to infections due to weak immune system. Their physical body development is not normal. Instead they have short skull, short neck and stocky build with flat back. Their facial features may be distorted to some extent with small nose, protruding tongue and folds of skin at the corner of the eyes. Experience will be appropriate to improve hearing, vision, cognitive and physical development A description of the experience: Learn with the help of computer and aid for movements A list of any materials required for the experience Learning aids, movement equipments and computer for learning Skills the experience will support Children who suffer from down syndrome have lower IQ. Their cognitive and physical development is very poor. They encounter problems in hearing and vision. They may also have heart defects and poor resistance to infections due to weak immune system. Their physical body development is not normal. Instead they have short skull, short neck and stocky build with flat back. Their facial features may be distorted to some extent with small nose, protruding tongue and folds of skin at the corner of the eyes. Children suffering from Down Syndrome have delayed development in their neuromuscular system that hampers their cognitive and physical development. They have low muscle tone (hypotonia) with over relaxed and floppy muscles. With regular physical therapy their muscle tone can be normal. As their teething is also delayed they may need liquid food for age longer than normal kids. References Vision care for deaf dbcent. dk/cgi-bin/vcfdbb/uploads/media/pdfs/Vision%20care%20for%20deaf%20children. pdf Treatments and care plans dshs. state. tx. us/schoolhealth/chap7. pdf

How Genes Effect Our Appearance essays

How Genes Effect Our Appearance essays In 1865, an Augustinian monk named Gregor Mendel discovered that individual traits are determined by discrete "factors," later known as "genes," which are inherited by the parents. While researching his new discovery, he found that genes come in pairs, and each gene has a trait with two alternate forms, such as the pea plant with it's green or yellow seeds. By analyzing the results of various crosses, Mendel concluded that each alternative form of a trait is specified by alternative forms of a gene. To follow the inheritance from parent to child, Mendel first needed to be sure which genes each parent carried. Since pea plants are naturally self-fertilizing, "pure-bred" strains were available. Upon closer look, Mendel discovered that each strain contained only one form of the gene that determined a trait. From the results of further experiments, Mendel theorized that pure-bred plants must have two copies of the same gene for each trait. In general, offspring appear to be a mixture of parental characteristics. However, Mendel found that this is not true for the pea plant traits that he chose to study. Pure-bred pea plants when crossed did not produce offspring with blended traits. For example, one might expect that when a pure-bred green-seeded and a pure-bred yellow-seeded pea plant were crossed their offspring would produce seeds with a green-yellow color. That, however, was not true for everytime only one color was produced: yellow. There were no blends present, and the green color disappeared. Mendel proposed that although both gene alternates are present, there is no blending of color because the gene alternate for yellow is dominant over the gene alternate for green. The dominant trait is seen only when a single copy of it's gene is inherited. When he crossed the hybrid offspring, green seeds reappeared in the next generation. Mendel theorized that the recessive green trait is shown onl ...