Is It Possible for Organizations Operating in Dynamic Environments to Achieve Person-Organisational Fit to Improve Organizational Effectiveness?

Today we live in a world where change is inevitable. Organisations today face dynamic environments characterized by substantial and often unpredictable technological, political and economic changes. The key to survival and succeeding is adaptation, in dynamic environments often an organisations only option is to literally â€Å"do or die† with regard to change. Tyagi & Gupta (2005) indicates that the central point of personal and organisational effectiveness is a sense of being able to make contributions and make somewhat of a difference in any way possible. As individuals we feel content and fulfilled when we make positive contributions to our communities, families and organisations. Similarly organisations can only achieve their potential when they positively impact the lives of various stakeholders and related entities. However the opportunity to contribute only arises if there is a fit between what people want to achieve and what the organisation wants to achieve. Thus creating a fit between the person and organisation allow both to be effective. In the past few years the concept of Person-Organizational fit (P-O) has been in a state of flux, with many theorists putting forward conflicting views on the conceptualization of fit, its measurements and its boundaries. In the broad sense of the word it is defined as the compatibility between the person and the organisation (Li, 2006). As many organisations operate in dynamic environments; many changes take place and organizations have to cope with these changes by adapting their business and strategies to the turbulent environments. This essay goes on to explore the effects the changes mention have on the P-O fit and if dynamic environment allow organisations to achieve person-organisational fit in order to enhance and reach organisational effectiveness. According to evidence it can be seen that it is possible to achieve P-O fit in dynamic environments however it would not be the ideal tool to implement to improve effectiveness due to the evolving nature of the environment as it hinders growth and discourages innovation which would not lead to organizational effectiveness (Tyagi & Gupta, 2005). P-O fit refers to the extent to which and individual and the employing organization are compatible. There are however many definitions that have been put forward over the years such as value congruence (O’Reilly et al. , 1991), Goal congruence (Vancouver et al. , 1994), needs and supplies demand abilities (Edwards,1991) in addition a personality-climate fit (Ryan and Schmit, 1996). However the most commonly used definition is the value congruence perspective. Verquer et al (2003) value congruence as the extent to which individual and organizational values match. Rynes and Gerhart have gone a step further and pointed out that the P-O fit is more than a mere match, as it usually implies a sense of chemistry (Bellou, 2009). Another way of conceptualising the compatibility between the person and organisation uses the distinction between supplementary and complementary fit. Supplementary fit occurs when a person supplements or possesses characteristics that are similar to other individuals in an environment. This congruence can be differentiated between complementary fit, which occurs when a person’s characteristics make whole the environment or add to what is missing (Tyagi & Gupta, 2005). Further more Cable and Parsons (2001) states that P-O fit is a crucial factor in maintaining a flexible workforce and creating a high degree of organizational commitment in a tight labour market and a competitive business environment. Supporters of P-O fit state that the construct is crucial in the study of organizational effectiveness because it has made improvements to the traditional view of matching skills, knowledge and abilities in predicting if an individual will be successful in a particular organization (Chuang & Sackett, 2005). Ambrose et al, 2008 posit that individuals whose values will result in positive contributions to organizational effectiveness and lower turnover. These models may be under the assumption of static environments; one must apply the dynamic nature of the current environments organisations operate in today. Kammeyer-Mueller (2007) proclaims that even though static and dynamic perspectives are portrayed as mutually exclusive alternatives, they need not be opposed to one another. Research goes on to show that constant external shocks injected into the organisations may result in changes been implemented that affects the P-O fit. These changes may sometimes lead to negative results such as turnover and intention to leave as the employees feel they no longer â€Å"fit† with the organisation. In addition Chatman et al (2008, p. 64) notes that, because a lack of congruence is aversive, â€Å"misfits† are unlikely to remain with that organization. There are also instances when individuals no longer are compatible or unhappy with the fit between the organisations and themselves due to adaptations the company undergoes however choose to remain with the organisation solely because they have no other job options. In instances where â€Å"misfits† remain as they perceive that it is their only choice they bring about many negative aspects into the organisation such as demotivation, low commitment, this is mainly because they try to overcompensate and manipulate the work input output equation to fill the missing void. On the other hand the Social identity theory suggests that another mechanism by which individual dispositions might influence fit within a dynamic context. The social identity argues that the self-concept is a patchwork of various identities, such as demography, occupation, organization, department and workgroup which provide proscriptions for behaviour (Ashworth & Johnson, 2001). It also states that depending on the pressures applied the identity a person adopts will differ. This however does not change the fact that the individual still has within himself or herself, the same core set of identities. Interestingly at least in Oriental Chinese societies, leaders or managers may change their leader behaviours to create a better person-organisation value fit. This study shows that behaviours have positive effects on person-organisational fit. A crucial finding in this study was that even among employees who have been below average O-P fit can be influenced in terms of motivation commitment and trust in their leader by leader behaviours. For example employees working under high team oriented leaders had higher motivation and commitment and trust compared to those under low team oriented leaders. This goes on to show that even though the dynamic environment may affect and the person-organisation fit and sometimes lowers the P-O value fit , organisations can still effectively operate and manage those employees with the proper management and leadership methods (Li, 2006). However this method might not an appropriate universal method to implement as business environments vary across nations due to cultural, legal and other aspects that are followed. However the P-O fit may not be in the best interest of the organization at times and lead to negative results. For example, extremely high levels of person-organization value fit may lead to high levels of conformity and homogeneity. High levels of conformity and homogeneity will bring about a range of adverse effects which may hinder the success of the organisation, by making the organisation and its members far less adaptable to the changes surging in the dynamic environment as well as less innovative (Li, 2006). Some evidence even go to the extent of pointing out that organisations with slight internal variation in employees perspective lead to better performance in the short run but worse in the long run , presumably as a result of inferior adaptation (Li, 2006). Person-Organisation Fit in theory sounds like a tool that should be implemented by every organisation. Taking a closer look one can see that even though initially achieving a fit will lead to organisational effectiveness in the long run it will cause the organisation more harm than good. This is due to the fact that organisation operating in dynamic environments thrives on adaptability and innovation which is opposed by the negative by products of long term P-0 which include homogeneity and high levels of conformity. This does not mean that the concept of P-O should be completely ignored as evidence shows that it has a greater impact on individuals in an organisations resulting in positive results in comparison to organisations as a whole. In an ideal situation the individuals should adapt with the environment and perceive the changes as a learning experience to mould them to achieve the best, keeping in mind that sometime change is the key.

Children’s literature Essay

Reading is one of the most important lifelong activities. Young children are connected with reading and books long before they actually know how to read. It starts when a child has the first book in his hand or when parents read to him from a book. It is a wonderful way for young children to spend time together with their parents. The interaction that is going on between a child and parent when they are reading together has some important components. One of them is predictability—as these activities usually occur on a regular schedule and follow a regular pattern of steps. Playfulness is evident as these activities are done for fun. Language is used to construct meaning and share ideas. The child gets opportunities to lead the activity, the parent is modeling language and reading behavior and together they develop their own jargon for many ideas. In this way parents intuitively use the â€Å"lab method† to teach their children about language, print, and books (Daniels, 1994, p. 37). A child understands that a book is connected with something pleasant for him and his important adults, something that makes them feel good. He understands the meaning of the word for an object long before he can say this word. Later he starts to understand that there are pictures and words in books and that they have some meaning. This is first step in developing reading abilities and love towards books. The joy of reading and love of books is crucial for each child’s development it is measured not only in school success but also in meaningful social interactions. This has been a decade of technological advances. From iPods to electronic readers children are bombarded with electrical images and stimulations. But the surprising truth is that even with all the advances in electronics and gadgetry, reading to children and having them read is still one of the most important skills to give a child. Reading to a child can promote a child’s cerebral and emotional development. While any positive interaction between parent and child is helpful, reading is always a sure fire way to gain a positive foothold into a child’s life. Books open doors to new ideas, cultures and concepts. By reading to young children a parent helps instill a love of books in children and helps them want to read more. The internet is a great learning resource for children as well as adults but a good reading ability should come first and foremost. Without a strong reading capability a child is unable to use the internet to its full potential. The Parent’s Role in Fostering a Love of Reading A parent is a partner in the life of his or her child. Parents can instill a love of books and delight in wordplay, develop pre-reading skills and help children become accomplished independent readers. Listed below are several ways to incorporate a joy of reading in a child. †¢ Read to the child every day. Start as early as possible. Books on tape can also be utilized. †¢ Sing nursery rhymes and children’s songs. †¢ As early as possible help the children obtain a library card. †¢ Treat books as though they are special. †¢ Give books at Christmas, birthdays and as rewards. †¢ Let the child make picture books by cutting out pictures from magazines or pictures they colored and glue them into homemade books. †¢ Make sure the child sees the parent reading. It doesn’t have to be a book; reading newspapers, magazines, or even the back of a cereal box can provide an example. When reading aloud, read with expression and excitement. †¢ Give the child opportunities to write even if it is unreadable. †¢ Let the child tell a story that the parent writes down. When it is completed let the child illustrate the story. †¢ Let the child pick the story for story time. †¢ Let the child help parents cook following a recipe card or cookbook. Books Help Children Develop Vital Language Skills Reading is an important skill that needs to be developed in children. Not only is it necessary for survival in the world of schools and (later on) universities, but in adult life as well. The ability to learn about new subjects and find helpful information on anything from health problems and consumer protection to more academic research into science or the arts depends on the ability to read. The more children read, the better they become at reading. It’s as simple as that. The more enjoyable the things they read are, the more they’ll stick with them and develop the reading skills that they’ll need for full access to information in their adult lives. Reading should be viewed as a pleasurable activity – as a source of entertaining tales and useful and interesting factual information. The more young children are read to, the greater their interest in mastering reading. Reading out loud exposes children to proper grammar and phrasing. It enhances the development of their spoken language skills, their ability to express themselves verbally. Reading, by way of books, magazines or websites, exposes kids to new vocabulary. Even when they don’t understand every new word, they absorb something from the context that may deepen their understanding of it the next time the word is encountered. When parents read aloud to children, the children also hear correct pronunciation as they see the words on the page, even if they can’t yet read the words on their own. Reading Can Open Up New Worlds and Enrich Children’s Lives As mentioned above, reading opens doors – doors to factual information about any subject on earth, practical or theoretical. Given the wealth of available resources such as Internet, libraries, schools and bookstores, if children can read well and if they see reading as a source of information, then for the rest of their lives they will have access to all of the accumulated knowledge of mankind, access to all of the great minds and ideas of the past and present. It truly is magic ! Through books, children can also learn about people and places from other parts of the world, improving their understanding of and concern for all of humanity. This, in turn, contributes towards our sense that we truly live in a â€Å"global village† and may help us bring about a more peaceful future for everyone. This can happen through nonfiction but, perhaps even more importantly, reading novels that are set in other places and time periods can give children a deeper understanding of others through identification with individual characters and their plights. Through stories and novels children can vicariously try out new experiences and test new ideas, with no negative consequences in their real lives. They can meet characters who they’ll enjoy returning to for comforting and satisfying visits when they reread a cherished book or discover a sequel. Books also give kids the opportunity to flex their critical thinking skills in such areas as problem solving, the concepts of cause and effect, conflict resolution, and acceptance of responsibility for one’s actions. Mysteries allow children to follow clues to their logical conclusions and to try to outguess the author. Even for very young children, a simple story with a repetitive refrain or a simple mystery to solve gives a confidence boost. Children can predict the patterns and successfully solve the riddles. Children are influenced by and imitate the world around them. While a steady diet of violent cartoons may have a detrimental effect on children’s development, carefully chosen stories and books can have a positive influence on children, sensitizing them to the needs of others. For example, books can encourage children to be more cooperative, to share with others, to be kind to animals, or to respect the natural environment. Reading Can Enhance Children’s Social Skills  Although reading is thought of as the quintessential solitary activity, in certain circumstances reading can be a socializing activity. For example, a parent or grandparent reading a story aloud, whether from a traditional printed book or from an ebook, can be a great opportunity for adult and child to share some quiet, relaxed quality time together away from the rush and stresses of the business of daily living. They share a few minutes of precious time, plus they share the ideas that are contained in the story. In addition, older children can be encouraged to read aloud to younger ones as a means of enhancing their relationship. At school or at a library story hour, books can bring children together and can be part of a positive shared experience. For some preschoolers this may be their primary opportunity to socialize and to learn how to behave around other children or how to sit quietly for a group activity. Make the most of this experience by encouraging children to talk about what they’ve read or heard. Reading Can Improve Hand-Eye Coordination  It may sound funny, but ebooks can be a way for children to improve their fine motor skills and their hand-eye coordination, as they click around a childfriendly website or click the backward and forward buttons of online story pages. They may also be picking up valuable computer skills that they’ll need in school and later in life. Reading Can Provide Children with Plenty of Good, Clean Fun I’ve saved the most important point for last. Reading can provide children with endless hours of fun and entertainment. All of the pragmatic reasons above aren’t at all necessary to justify reading’s place in children’s lives. Stories can free up imaginations and open up exciting new worlds of fantasy or reality. They allow children to dream and may give them a good start on the road to viewing reading as a lifelong source of pleasure; so read to your young children every day. Inspire your older children to read. Give them access to plenty of reading material that they’ll enjoy and discuss it with them. Sample everything – traditional printed books and ebooks on Internet, classic children’s novels and fairy tales, as well as more modern stories. If a child wants to hear the same story over and over again, don’t worry about it. Children take comfort from the familiarity and predictability of a beloved story that they know by heart. There’s no harm in that. Reread old favorites and, at the same time, introduce your children to new stories. Your child’s mind and heart have room for both. So Reading Really Does Matter After All There are so many ways in which reading continues to be both a vital skill for children to master, and an important source of knowledge and pleasure that can last a lifetime. Nurture it in your children. Make the most of all the resources that are available and waiting for you: printed books, online books, magazines and so forth. Encourage follow-up activities involving creative writing skills and the arts, as well, so that your children can reflect upon or expand on what they’ve absorbed and, at the same time, develop their own creativity. As you help your kids appreciate the magic of reading, you’ll find that there’s a whole wonderful world full of children’s literature out there that you  can enjoy too.

CIS 333 Week 10Technical Project Paper Coursework

CIS 333 Week 10Technical Project Paper - Coursework Example Both dangers and vulnerabilities need to be considered simultaneously. Dangers can give harm to the confidentiality, accessibility and uprightness of information present in the data frameworks. They investigate opportunities for security breaches to cause classified information intrusion by means of unapproved access, amendment of information, removal of data from data frameworks. Threats can hit the pharmacy system from different sources. These threats are confidential on the parameters of distinctive capacities and methodology including outer approaches by cyber-crimes, hackers, terrorists. For taking care of dangers of diverse nature for the pharmacy, distinctive risk alleviation and control techniques are needed in the connection of securing the organized information systems. Vulnerabilities are the shortcomings which are exhibited in the framework against the current dangers. Vulnerabilities can be recognized as security loop holes in the framework. If hackers discover these loop holes in the framework, results are wrecking including unauthorized access, revision or complete cancellation of the framework. A recent example is the hacking of wiki leaks site which affected the entire world furthermore influenced strategic and financial relations between nations as different classified documents were spilled out from the site. Vulnerabilities are fruitful be cause of approach shortcomings, deficient usage of security framework, and information of individual issues. For recognizing any conceivable threats, testing of the security framework including system parts, hardware and software is essential which may happen later on. The risk is characterized as the probability of diverse dangers by means of distinctive circumstances, which are influencing the system and data frameworks. The circumstances ought to consider the system,

Film Analyse, Analyse Mise-en-scene, in The Red Shoes (1948 film)and Essay

Film Analyse, Analyse Mise-en-scene, in The Red Shoes (1948 film)and do Ten shots analyse of it - Essay Example Central to the plot is the clash between Miss Victoria Page’s (played by Moira Shearer) artistic ambition and her love life. Tragedy looms large in this type of plot set up and inevitably Miss Page is ruined by this conflict. In this way the plot and the simple straightforward narrative do not match the creative and exuberant visual imagery. Despite the said flaws, the film is worth studying purely its picturization and visual aesthetics. This essay will is an endeavour to study the mise-en-scene of a handful of scenes from the film. To be able to understand the principles being applied for constructing various shots, one has to keep in mind Michael Powell’s philosophy in filmmaking. Powell believed in the notion of the ‘composed film’, in which, â€Å"music, emotion and acting made a complete whole, of which the music was the master†. (Mayer, 2008, p.48) This philosophy is writ large in The Red Shoes, as well as Powell’s other notable films B lack Narcissus (1947) and The Tales of Hoffmann (1951). As a matter of fact, in The Red Shoes, Lermontov says to Miss Page on more than one occasion that â€Å"music is everything†. This is perhaps a reflection of Powell’s own understanding of composing a film. ... riest (danced by Ivan Boleslawsky/Robert Helpmann), to an infernal, red-lit space that is inhabited by the ballet's demonic shoemaker (danced by Ljubov/Leonid Massine).† (Grist, 2012, p.28) These sequences of events are synchronized to the tempo and prompt of the instrumental music. Just as the musical composition by Brian Easdale carries symmetry and repetitive structures within it, the performance of The Ballet of the Red Shoes display a similar arrangement. There is a conscious attempt on part of the directors to unite the strands of various media of art into one dramatic output. It is this accentuation of dramatic effect thus produced which accounts for the continuing remembrance of this film and its ballet performances by generations of film audiences. (Mclean, 2008, p. 135) As a treatise on cinematic art, the film reveals its exceptional ability to exploit the medium and alter accepted boundaries. In its own implicit way, The Red Shoes goes on to shatter the myths surroun ding fairytales, the world of classical ballet and the myths surrounding cinema itself. The notion that fairytales all end on a happy note is refuted in the film. Instead, the comforting aspects of Christen Anderson’s fairy tale (upon which the film is based) are disillusioned and the underlying horror is revealed. For example, the earlier part of the film has the audience believe that Vicky and Julian will live happily ever after. But as events unfold and take a dire turn, the aspirations of the couple are frustrated. In Anderson’s fairytale, a young girl, similar in age and disposition to Vicky Page, wishes to wear the red shoes. But upon wearing them, she cannot stop herself from dancing. This eventually leads to unbearable exhaustion she even resorts to ask the executioner to have mercy

Latin american history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Latin american history - Essay Example analysis of the political and economic history of Columbia, Cuba, and Mexico, this essay demonstrates that the flawed economic policies of the countries are predominantly at fault. In Latin America, the 1980’s are referred to as ‘Decada de aprendizaje doloroso’ , or the decade of painful experiences. Nowhere were these experiences more evident than in Columbia. According to David Robinson, â€Å"economic problems†¦had a significant impact on the political systems in the region. Elected governments still tend to support their own interests or those of elite groups (Robinson).† The government had increasing levels of foreign debt, which forced them to devalue the currency repeatedly. People from rural areas became poorer. Even the resource-rich Columbia faced internal problems of guerrillas and the drug cartels. According to a May 8, 1990 Time magazine article, kidnapping and murder of political aspirants became a routine affair carried out by the drug cartels, in order to influence the outcome of the elections. According to the magazine, 503 people were murdered and 18 kidnapped in a single week in May. From the United States per spective, Columbia is of national importance because of its geographic location and natural resources Although Columbia is an ally of the United States, 90% of the illegal cocaine in the United States comes from Columbia, which has still not become a safe place. Fighting continues between the armed groups maintained by the drug cartels and the government forces. A United Nations report indicates that â€Å"2 million people have been displaced because of armed conflict in Columbia† this year. Most of the internally displaced persons were Afro-Columbians, who fled because they were frightened of the fighting between the Columbian army and the armed groups operating near the Atrato river in north-western Columbia. Although a determined effort by the government to overcome the drug cartels has resulted in a semblance of order in

The importance of the proper way in which to write a research paper Essay

The importance of the proper way in which to write a research paper - Essay Example Experiments and surveys are conducted, with the use of interviews and questionnaires, to seek answers to the research questions and come to conclusion. For example, in the research with research question: how coffee intake affects sleep, the researcher will follow the qualitative approach, going to participants of the study, and conducting interviews, questionnaires, and surveys, to know how caffeine intake is related to sleep. He will not use the quantitative approach, which is best used for hard scientific evaluations, like those in physics, and is based on empirical data that can be used for statistical analysis. Hence, when the aim is to gather general information about a subject matter, like why something happens or what people think about it, qualitative research is used; but, when the researcher has to go for numerical evidence, he uses quantitative approach. The research question also gets modified with each kind of study. The comparison of above mentioned approaches illustrates that it is very important for the researcher to think about the research approach before starting the research, as every approach undergoes entirely different steps. Research questions get modified, even if conclusions remain the

Evaluate the effectiveness of technology in monitoring national Essay

Evaluate the effectiveness of technology in monitoring national borders and preventing trafficking of drugs or humans - Essay Example 37). In order to counter these crimes, prevention measures have to be implemented to forestall the trafficking of human beings and drugs into the country. Various measures have been implemented to tackle these problems such as imposing heavy penalties on individuals who break these laws and also protecting the national orders through a team of well trained personnel and equipment (United states 2010, pg. 16). The use of technology in monitoring the national borders and preventing human and drug trafficking will be discussed as well as its effectiveness. Application of Technology in monitoring National Borders The national borders are monitored by different organizations all with the intention of preventing illegal activities from taking place. This involves prevention of illegal drug and human trafficking and also the illegal immigration of individuals into the country. For this purpose, technology is required to keep track of the activities being carried out along the border and als o to verify the legality of individuals or activities. For example, the Immigration and Customs Enforcement uses technology to identify illegal aliens in the country and further rank them according to the severity of their crimes (National Research Council (U.S.) 2009, pg. 29). Particularly, they apply biometric identification techniques which are used to identify individuals according to their traits or characteristics. In addition to that, illegal activity can be monitored through closed circuit television cameras. The authorities use these cameras to monitor the boundaries and detect whether there is any crime being carried out (Manning 2008, pg. 97). The cameras are usually hidden and are on a 24-hour basis. They are set in a position where they can hold a wide view of the area thus making it easier for the law enforcers to monitor. Law enforcers then observe the borders through the cameras in shifts and also by carrying out patrols around the area. It is possible to record information through these cameras and the information is stored in form of tapes. The tapes are important in court cases as they serve as evidence pointing towards illegal activity being carried out across the border and into the country. Application of Technology in Drug and Human Trafficking Different forms of technology can be applied in drug and human trafficking. For example, scanners are used in major airports to identi fy illegal substances in an individual’s package (Belliotti 2009, pg. 117). Airport authorities use advanced imaging technology which is programmed to detect various threats against the crew members and the passengers. Other than threats, the imaging technology also highlights the illegal substances thus allowing for further human searching. This form of technology is less invasive compared to the previous methods thus encouraged by many airports. In addition, technology is used to monitor and track the whereabouts of individuals involved in criminal activity particularly drug and human trafficking. Authorities are able to track cell phones using tracking devices that function by tracking the cell phone number. This gives them the accurate position of the phone thus making it easier to take action upon the traffickers. Traffickers prefer using prepaid cell phones which makes them harder to track and thus preventing the control of these vices. However, police officers are allo wed to plant tracking devices on such phones and consequently gain

W8last Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

W8last - Essay Example In this stage, the organization’s management highlights any evidence that there is an interconnection between leadership development and performance of the organization, as well as the skills and competences needed to accomplish the organization’s leadership goals (Reynolds, 2000). If leadership development does not match the organizational goals, it may not be useful for the organization. The second step is usually awareness creation concerning the characteristics that the organization is likely to achieve through the application of various tools for diagnosis. The diagnostic tools are supposed to match the organization’s leadership needs. The tools are also supposed to be connected to a particular competency model or an approved structure that corresponds to the nature of a triumphant leader in the organization. The third step is to activate the leadership development in individuals through connecting the awareness of development needs to the personal career goals with the organization’s strategic goals. The result is a concise and intended development plan that matches the individual needs as well as the organization’s strategic objectives. It provides a basis for leadership development. It is also important to empower the leaders through training and development to increase their capacity to perform in leadership roles. The leaders are then gi ven the opportunity to apply the skills acquired, which according to Sosik (2000) allows value creation in the individual’s abilities. These criteria are important since they allow an effective cost benefit analysis that allows the evaluation of the need to invest in leadership development. The organization is able to identify some tangible benefits of the leadership development programs. 2- Take your organization as the example. What leadership model is the most appropriate for your organization, and what are some of the advantages and

Opportunities to increase profit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Opportunities to increase profit - Essay Example The business proposal contains the services and products offered by the hotel business to companies. It also includes the charges that accrue from the services and products rendered (Enz 2010). Currently, the business will primarily target the local organizations and companies and as it grows, it will consider opening up branches in other countries as food and beverages is an indispensable part of human beings as people have to eat for them to perform. Hotels are business of fast moving goods as food is made to be consumed the same day. The business offers delivery of food to the office premises on calls. It aims to get a contract so as to increase the returns. Selling products globally is a decision that will be made at a later date since the business in at the developing stage. Producing goods in the United States of America is very expensive. So the company as it grows will aim at buying the raw food from countries with low production cost hence low prices for the raw foods. For profits to be maximized, the business will need loyal companies that will be multiple and repeat customers to the business (Enz 2010). For the hotel business to acquire a competitive edge in the competitive business, the business needs to have knowledge on the potential companies. It should also know the credibility of the company to make sure it does not run into bad debts. Once the information is sought, the next step is approaching the company with the business proposal (Enz 2010). The marketing director should be an individual who can convince clients and seal the deal. Once the contract is signed, the business ought to hire qualified and experienced staff to process the orders from the client. The employees need to be well remunerated as treat them ethically. The cookers, warmers and equipments to be used will be modern technology so as to reduce

The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa By Yasunari Kawabata Essay Example for Free

The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa By Yasunari Kawabata Essay INTRODUCTION Yasunari Kawabata June (1899 –1972) was a Japanese writer whose was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1968 for his auxiliary, poetic and ingeniously colored style of writing. No Japanese author had received the award prior to Kawabata. Besides fiction he also worked as a reporter for Mainichi Shimbun of Osaka. The war and the fact that all of Kawabata’s relatives passed away while he was young had a profound impact on his life. Kawabata committed suicide in 1972. Many speculations have been made about his reasons, which include poor health, a likely failed love affair, or the distress caused by the suicide of his friend Yukio Mishima in 1970. HISTORY OF ASAKUSA Asakusa was mostly a city for commercial enjoyment, but it also preserved its local vivacity. It was this mixture of barefaced pleasure and intrinsic worth that fascinated the throngs of people who came to visit Asakusa. It was surely this fusion that was most lamented, subsequent to the 1923 earthquake, however Asakusa regained its former glory and up to its final days, was able to hold on to somewhat of its former appeal. LIFE IN ASAKUSA Primarily the plot circles around The Scarlet Gang, which is a gang formed by some young people in Asakusa, many gangs like these existed in Asakusa at the time, the gang’s various endeavors are narrated in first person, the narrator himself is never identified by Kawabata, the accounts of the gang’s various activities are used to describe life in Asakusa, the narrator   himself wanders around Asakusa and relates the gang’s activities, the primary focus in the book is not the gang itself but rather the account of the narrator, who moves from one place to another following the Scarlet Gang, the narrator also implies that the gang is involved in illegal actions but does not specify the kind of illegal activities. Only a few characters appear throughout the book which are actually related to the gang. Kawabata’s main purpose clearly was to give an account of life in Asakusa, which he manages to accomplish in a very rough yet poetic manner mostly due to his choice of first person narrative. With its corporeal and sexual appeal, Asakusa prospered in every way, Tanizaki writes that Asakusa’s   attractions included â€Å"plays, operettas, comedies, movies from the West and Japanese productions, Douglas Fairbanks and Onoe Matsunosuke acrobats balancing on balls, bareback rider Naniwa bushi singers, chanters, the merry-go-round, the Hanayashiki Amusement Park, the Twelve Story Tower, shooting galleries, whores, Japanese restaurants, Chinese restaurants, and Western restaurants, the Rairaiken, won ton mein, oysters over rice, horsemeat, snapping turtles, eels, and the Cafà © Paulista.† (Donald Richie 2005 ) Asakusa was also famous for its Opera, where at first some opera was actually sung. An early show Rigoletto, and â€Å"La donna à © mobile† became a success with the locals, later however, the shows became more diverse. This rough and unsightly but vivacious and energetic Asakusa was soon after ruined. The 1923 Kanto earthquake destroyed it, as it flattened much of Tokyo and Yokohama. Among the more well-known catastrophe was the destruction of the Asakusa’s, Twelve Story tower also known as the Cloud Surpassing Pavilion, a building which had become the symbol of Asakusa. The old neighborhood was also destroyed, the sense of belonging to a society, that had attracted so many people was also in no way completely regained. Since it was a city of enjoyment, an amusement capital, a city with one of the best night life in the world, however, rebuilding began at once. And now, representing the new Asakusa, instead of the Twelve Story Tower there is the Subway Tower building, with its observation platform. Kawabata writes that all the floors are in the Osaka style, except the top ones as they have been turned into restaurants. (Tokyo essentials 2006) COMPARASION WITH OTHER URBAN CENTRES Throughout the end of the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth, Asakusa was the most important pleasure hub of Tokyo. From the 1840s to the 1940s, it was comparable to Montmartre in Paris, and Alexanderplatz in Berlin (Donald Richie. 2005) This region of Osaka was recognized for trade rather than its customs, commonly mourned after the earthquake. â€Å"Why, it’s gotten just like Osaka,† complains a character in one Kawabata story. Writing about The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa, Kataoka Yoshikaze, writing in 1939, illustrates the new Asakusa as that, â€Å"Human market, where the pleasure resort of the Edo period, the vestiges of the crude, semi-enlightened curiosity of the Meiji era, and the over-ripeness . . . of the present era of capitalist corruption, are thrown together in a forever disordered state or organized in a manner peculiarly like the place itself. Eroticism and frivolity and speed and comic-strip humor; the bare legs of dancing girls and jazzy revues; kiss-dances, foreign girls, ground-cherries and popular songs; the movie, the circus, the fake, dilapidated aquarium and insectariums. (Donald Richie 2005) In The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa Kawabata quotes Soeda Azenbo’s fine depiction: â€Å"In Asakusa everything is flung out in the raw. Desires dance naked. All races, all classes, all jumbled together forming a bottomless, endless current, flowing day and night, no beginning, no end†.( Donald Richie 2005). Asakusa was kept alive by all these varied attractions, one of the most well-liked attraction was the cinema, a type of activity early linked with Asakusa for the reason that the first Tokyo movie house, â€Å"the Denkikan†, had opened there in 1903. Kawabata relates that by 1930, Asakusa had fourteen cinemas. He also affirms, however, that it had even more theaters. In the summer of 1930, his assessment calculated half a dozen vaudeville, or yose, halls, one kabuki theater, a large number of pawnshops and beggars in the city, around eight hundred were living in Asakusa Park, although Kawabata did not trust this social estimation and retained that there were a lot more. (Donald Richie 2005) CONCLUSION Life in Asakusa in its golden period is described by Kawabata as one big party, where the primary concern for its citizens and its visitors was entertainment, in its golden period Asakusa was considered one of the biggest entertainment center in the world and every visitor affirmed this fact, a life full of entertainment was considered normal in Asakusa Kawabata writes about Asakusa at its prewar stage. The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa captures the area in its golden period, when hundreds of people came to visit the city, the variety of attractions like theatre, cinema, restaurants, geisha houses made the city a commercial entertainment center. According to Kawabata â€Å"Asakusa is like a specimen in the Bug House, something completely different from today’s world like a remote island or some African village† (Kawabata 2005) WORKS CITED Yasunari Kawabata (2005) The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa .1st edition Published by University of California Press Donald Richie (2005) â€Å"Foreword: The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa by Yasunari Kawabata†. Accessed on 12th November 2006 from : http://www.ucpress.edu/books/pages/10224/forward1.pdf Tokyo Essentials (2006) â€Å" Asakusa† Accessed on 12th November 2006 from: Asakusa

Renewable And Non Renewable Energy Sources Environmental Sciences Essay

Renewable And Non Renewable Energy Sources Environmental Sciences Essay We can not use our feet to power our cars like the flinstones. So, how do cars move around? Energy! what is energy? energy is the ability to do work. All living things need energy to grow, plants use light from the sun to grow, also light is a type of energy we use all the time, we get most of the light from the sun, but at night we make our own light using another energy source known as electricity. Energy makes things move, cars run on the energy stored in gasoline sail boats are pushed by the energy in the wind. It takes energy to run our televisions, computers, and video games in the form of electricity, we use electricity all day long, it gives us light and heat, it makes things operate. After a long day dont you feel too tired to move? Well you have ran out of energy, you need some food to refuel. Imagine what your life would be without electricity?! There are two main types of energy; renewable and non-renewable, basically Most of the energy we use comes from fossil fuels, such as coal, natural gas and petroleum. Uranium is another nonrenewable source, but it is not a fossil fuel. Uranium is converted to a fuel and used in nuclear power plants. Once these natural resources are used up, they are gone forever. The process of gathering these fuels can be harmful to the biomes from which they come. Fossil fuels are put through a process called combustion in order to produce energy. Combustion releases pollution, such as carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide, which may contribute to acid rain and global warming. Other than Renewable sources of energy can be used over and over again. Renewable resources include solar energy, wind, geothermal energy, biomass and hydropower. They generate much less pollution, both in gathering and production, than nonrenewable sources. But it is believed that petroleum in particular will not be depleted as it is generated in the deep sedimentary basins even if it will take thousands of years but it will be generated and petroleum will still be one of main and important sources of energy and the source upon which countries economies depend on, in the following report we will try to identify different energy sources available in the world. Scientific Background Renewable energy is defined () to be those energy source which do not deplete. They are basically natural sources of energy like sun, wind, -whereas nonren renewable energy sources : renewable energy sources are the sources which when used will not be depleted from the world. Data survey The following section will demonstrate various examples from around the world to show energy sources uses and applications. The first example is from (http://www.renewable-energy-sources.com/) SMA Expands North American Utility-Scale PV Inverter Line    Sunny Central 500HE and 630HE Ideal for Medium Voltage Connection SMA America LLC, the U.S.-based subsidiary of global solar technology leader SMA Solar Technology AG, has expanded its U.S. line of utility products with the Sunny Central High Efficiency (HE) line of solar inverters. The new 500 and 630 kilowatt inverters provide integrators Abengoa Solar Reaches Total of 193 Megawatts Operating Abengoa Solars third parabolic trough solar power plant, Solnova 4, successfully passed its three day production and operation tests. UNI-SOLAR Power Tilt(TM) Solar Roof System Featured on German DIY Retail Store    Innovative Solar Roofing System Gaining Traction in European Markets United Solar, a leading global manufacturer of building-integrated and rooftop photovoltaics under its UNI-SOLAR ® brand and a wholly owned subsidiary of Energy Conversion Devices (Nasdaq:ENER) announced that its innovative PowerTiltà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ solar roof system was recently installed at Hagebaumarkt, a German DIY retail franchise Centro solar Presents New 54-cell PV Panel with up to 225 Wp output at the EUPVSEC Premium solar module achieves higher output thanks to novel cell matrix CENTROSOLAR AG is showing the new 54-cell module with increased output at the European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC) from September 6 10 in Valencia, Spain REpower Launches First Wind Farm with System Certificate in line with German System Service Ordinance (SDLWindV) Kronprinzenkoog wind farm one of the biggest repowering projects in Northern Germany Total wind farm output increased from 12.3 MW to 30.75 MW Hamburg, 2 August 2010. REpower Systems AG (WKN 617703) has launched a wind farm project in the district of Dithmarschen (Schleswig-Holstein) with Repowering Kronprinzenkoog GbR Non-renewable energy sources: non-renewable energy sources are the sources which when used will be depleted from our world and then we will have to find alternative sources. Data survey The following section will also demonstrate various examples of non renewable energy sources extracted from (http://www.lshc.co.uk/downloads/Nonrenewable.pdf), such as: 1-fossil fuels: Fossil fuels are compounds made from the chemical elements carbon and hydrogen. Fossil fuels formed millions of years ago, during the Carboniferous Period, from the remains of plants and animals. As the plants and animals that inhabited the swamps died, they were buried under sand and mud which stopped them from decaying. Over time, more sediments covered the remains and pressure, together with heat, turned them into coal, oil and natural gas deposits. Today, fossil fuels are used in power stations to generate electricity. Natural gas is also commonly used in homes to cook food and heat water, and compressed natural gas can power specially designed vehicles. Oil is the main source of power for vehicles, in the form of petrol or diesel. 74% of the UKs electricity is generated à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ from fossil fuels. Most of the worlds oil (13%) comes from à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Saudi Arabia. Russia is the main producer of natural à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ gas, extracting nearly 22% of the total produced each year. The UK is 5th with 3.2%. China leads the way in coal production, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ mining 38% of the worlds coal. 2-Nuclear power In most electric power plants, water is heated and converted into steam, which drives a turbine-generator to produce electricity. Fossil-fueled power plants produce heat by burning coal, oil, or natural gas. In a  nuclear power plant, the  fission of uranium atoms  in the reactor provides the heat to produce steam for generating electricity. Several commercial reactor designs are currently in use in the United States. The most widely used design consists of a heavy steel pressure vessel surrounding a reactor core. Thereactor core  contains the uranium fuel, which is formed into cylindrical ceramic pellets and sealed in long metal tubes called  fuel rods. Thousands of fuel rods form the reactor core. Heat is produced in a nuclear reactor when neutrons strike uranium atoms, causing them to split in a continuous chain reaction.  Control rods, which are made of a material such as boron that absorbs neutrons, are placed among the fuel assemblies. When the neutron-absorbing control rods are pulled out of the core, more neutrons become available for fission and the chain reaction speeds up, producing more heat. When they are inserted into the core, fewer neutrons are available for fission, and the chain reaction slows or stops, reducing the heat generated. Heat is removed from the reactor core area by water flowing through it in a closed pressurized loop. The heat is transferred to a second water loop through a heat exchanger. The water also serves to slow down, or moderate the neutrons which is necessary for sustaining the fission reactions. The second loop is kept at a lower pressure, allowing the water to boil and create steam, which is used to power the turbine-generator and produce electricity. Originally, nuclear energy was expected to be a clean and cheap source of energy. Nuclear fission does not produce atmospheric pollution or greenhouse gases and it proponents expected that nuclear energy would be cheaper and last longer than fossil fuels. Unfortunately, because of construction cost overruns, poor management, and numerous regulations, nuclear power ended up being much more expensive than predicted. The nuclear accidents at Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania and the Chernobyl Nuclear Plant in the Ukraine raised concerns about the safety of nuclear power. Furthermore, the problem of safely disposing spent nuclear fuel remains unresolved. The United States has not built a new nuclear facility in over twenty years, but with continued energy crises across the country that situation may change. 19% of the UKs electricity comes from à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ nuclear power (http://cnx.org/content/m16730/latest/) 3-Coal At the present rate of use, the known coal supplies will last about 300 years and oil may not last for more than about 50 years. A great deal of fossil fuel is burnt in power stations. The coal is burnt to boil water which in turn produces steam. The steam drives the fans of a large turbine (a very big dynamo) which then generates electricity. The electric current is transported to our houses by large power cables. The whole process is an example of how energy is transformed from chemical energy to heat energy to  kinetic energy and then finally to electrical energy. Figure (1) Problems with non-renewable energy The main source of energy today is fossil fuel. However, there are two main problems associated with this type of fuel: the limited availability of fossil fuels and climate change. There are also safety concerns linked to the use of nuclear power and the radiation that is produced. Limited availability of fossil fuels Fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy, so they could one day run out. Alternative sources of energy are needed. As supplies decrease, the cost of buying fossil fuels may increase causing economic problems as well Climate change When fossil fuels are burnt they produce the gas carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon dioxide is known as a greenhouse gas because it traps heat from the sun, much like the glass in a greenhouse, preventing it from escaping out of the Earths atmosphere into space. Greenhouse gases are found naturally in the atmosphere and they are essential for keeping the Earth warm. However, through the activities of humans, mainly as a result of burning fossil fuels, the amount of these gases in the atmosphere is increasing. As a result, global warming is occurring as the temperature of the Earth rises. Global warming is leading to climate change.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Polar ice-caps are melting, causing a rise in à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ sea level around the world. Rainfall patterns are changing and extreme à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts, are more frequent in some parts of the world. The UK is one of 170 countries that have à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ signed an agreement called the Kyoto Protocol, which sets out targets for reducing CO2 emissions. There are also some environmental problems with fossil fuels such as: oil Spills Oil has to be transported from oil fields to where it is needed. Oil tankers, which can carry many tens of thousands of tons of oil, are regularly used to transport the oil. Unfortunately, accidents can and do happen and the oil spills that result from these accidents have caused some major environmental headaches. Local birds, fish and animals such as sea otters and seals are very vulnerable to oil spills. Although the immediate damage can often seem horrific, with the help of careful human clean-up operations and with natural processes that help clean the environment, the marine ecosystem can usually recover well. Figure(2) Acid Rain When coal burns, it produces gases like carbon dioxide, which are then released into the atmosphere. Other harmful gases produced by coal burning are sulphur dioxide and some nitrogen oxides. These dissolve in the water in the atmosphere to create weak solutions of sulphuric acid and nitric acid, which can then return to Earth as acid rain. Unfortunately many trees and plants cannot thrive when the water they need is acidic like this and large areas of forest can be affected. In the worst cases the vegetation may be killed. conclusion In the end we must understand how energy is something we can not make do without as without energy there is no life. As for some harmful energy sources then we have to find and start looking for alternative energy sources which are clean and non harmful, we should also start to depend on renewable energy sources as we know that they will not be all depleted in the future.

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass Essay -- Narrative Life Fr

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The tone established in the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass is unusual in that from the beginning to the end the focus has been shifted. In the beginning of the narrative Douglass seems to fulfill every stereotypical slavery theme. He is a young black slave who at first cannot read and is very naà ¯ve in understanding his situation. As a child put into slavery Douglass does not have the knowledge to know about his surroundings and the world outside of slavery. In Douglass’ narrative the tone is first set as that of an observer, however finishing with his own personal accounts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When first introduced to Douglass and his story, we find him to be a young slave boy filled with information about those around him. Not only does he speak from the view point of an observer, but he speaks of many typical stereotypes in the slave life. At this point in his life, Frederick is inexperienced and knows nothing of the pleasures of things such as reading, writing, or even the rights everyone should be entitled to. Douglass knowing hardly anything of his family, their whereabouts, or his background, seems to be equivalent to the many other slaves at the time. As a child Frederick Douglass sees the injustices around him and observes them, yet as the story continues we begin to see a change.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the progression of time we find Frederick Douglas begin to shift the tone to a focus within himself. The story begins to c...

A man without feeling :: essays research papers

A Man Without Feeling   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Is Hamlet capable of feeling? In Shakespeare’s Hamlet the author creates a world of appearance vs. reality. Part of this world is Hamlet who becomes perplexed by what he must do: which is to avenge his fathers’ death. However Hamlet is incapable of experiencing the feelings he should. Thus has to put on an act for everyone around him to appear normal. Another endeavor Hamlet has to deal with is his relationship with Ophelia. He chooses to disregard the relationship by pretending that there is no basis for it and that it was based on false pretences. He is forced to act this way because he has no other choice. Hamlet cannot experience any true emotions and so he does not know what he truly feels towards Ophelia. In the end Hamlet has to make the ultimate sacrifice to maintain his appearance as a good and noble prince- his life. He avenges his father’s death and returns everything to how it once was. However Hamlet does not do this because he kn ows it is what should be done or because he truly feels compelled to do it by his passion or his reason, but because it is what would be expected and what others would do. Hamlet cannot feel and therefore has to put on an act during the entire play.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A predominant theme in this play is how appearance contrasts with reality. Where reality represents the truth an true emotions and appearance has the connotation of deception and false emotions or a lack there of. All of the characters put on an appearance except those who have nothing to hide, in this case everyone except Horatio and Fortinbrass. Now Hamlet admits that he is putting on an act during the play, and in numerous scenes his deception of those around him can clearly be noted. Yet if Hamlet is suppose to represent a hero why does he put on an act, since he should have nothing to hide? He does this for the simple reason that he does not know what he should do based purely on what he feels, since he feels nothing. The way he acts is navigated by those who Hamlet views as noble leaders, Fortinbras, Alexander the Great, Caesar and of coarse his father. â€Å"I find thy apt;/ And duller shouldst be than the fat weed/ That roots itself in ease on Lethe wharf ,/ Wouldst thou not stir in this.

Light and Dark Imagery Depicted in Shakespeares Macbeth Essay

The natural order of the world is disrupted; this is made obvious from the start of the play. Even though they generally speak in riddle, the three witches are significant characters because of their foresight and knowledge of future atmosphere. ‘Fair is foul and foul is fair.’ ~Act 1, Scene 1~ Because this chant is towards the beginning of the play, the audience immediately see the supernatural control over things. Throughout the play of Macbeth the audience is made aware of the differences in dark and light. This could be seen as being metaphorical for many other binary oppositions one of which being good and evil. This example supports the power of the witches, representing evil and the dark. Another scene that shows Macbeth is a play of light and dark is act 1 scene 4 Macbeth whispers to himself. ‘Stars; hide your fires / let not light see my black and deep desires’ ~Act 1, Scene 4~ The dark is seen as a mask that can disguise and hide, this is foreshadowed when King Duncan at the announcement of his successor says; ‘but signs of nobleness, like stars, shall s...

Well Elder Project

She has no plans about where and how she wants to live out the remaining years of her life other than â€Å"right where she is now†. I have to say that was extremely concerned with her Brick wall she has built around the concept of aging and dying. I do not think that my elder has accepted the fact that the only guarantee in life is that everyone will eventually die. She has also not come to terms with God and is not sure if she even believes in God, even, hell, reincarnation, afterlife, or any of those sort of things. . Explain which developmental tasks your client has met or not met: My client has maintained a close, supportive, loving relationship with her spouse. (l did not talk to her about sex†¦ I felt that was intrusive) did learn that they still sleep in the same bed because she says he snores really loud. They have had issues adjusting to life on a limited income, her husband like to buy stuff and if they don't have the money he charges it.They both seem like the y are able to perform all the Dad's necessary for day to day life. My elder is even able to match her clothes really well considering her poor eyesight and does so without the help of her husband. My client has difficulty accepting the facts of life. 3. Describe possible reasons specific developmental tasks have not been met: think my client has trouble meeting certain developmental tasks as she ages because she is not ready to accept the fact that death is inevitable.

Chris Mccandless’ Death “Into the Wild” Essay

Many people have come to the conclusion that Chris McCandless’ untimely death was a result of his arrogant nature or a possible psychological disorder. However, his death was caused by a simple mistake, his lack of geographical knowledge, and his desire to find himself. When Krakauer’s moving article in Outside magazine was published, copious amounts of hate mail was received regarding McCandless’ cause of death. Initially it was believed that he mistook two similar plants, the wild potato and the toxic wild sweet pea, then accidentally poisoned himself when consuming their seeds. Alaskan residents dubbed McCandless as â€Å"ignorant† and â€Å"unprepared† for supposedly confusing the similar plants. After further research Krakauer discovered that McCandless was poisoned by the wild potato plant’s seeds, which were not described as toxic in any published text. This ill-fated blunder does not show incompetence specific to McCandless, as most people would have made the same decisions. There have been scores of young men lacking common sense who wander out into the wilderness to attain meaning and do not return. Several of them, including John Waterman and Carl McCunn, were similar to Chris, but in pivotal ways their stories were deviating. John Waterman was severely traumatized and obviously mentally ill. Chris was neither of those things. Additionally, Chris was not expecting to be rescued after making a dim-witted mistake, like Carl McCunn. Krakauer stated that â€Å"It is not unusual for a young man to be drawn to a pursuit considered reckless by his elders.† Chris may have lacked some common sense, but conceited qualities did not contribute to his downfall. His drive to push himself past his limits contributed to his demise, not superciliousness. Perhaps the most tragic notion of McCandless’ death is how simply it could have been avoided. Unbeknownst to Chris, there were multiple cabins a few miles from the Fairbanks bus 142. Each was stocked with food and survival supplies. This knowledge could have easily prevented his death. Crossing the Teklanika River was one of the important factors that inhibited McCandless from leaving the wild. He was not aware that downstream in the vicinity of the bus there was a gorge that allowed safe transit across the river. A gauging station was also close by. It would have allowed him to cross the river with ease since hunters had placed the basket on the bus-side of the river. It is overwhelming to imagine the extents to which McCandless suffered physically and mentally, when salvation was so near to him. A simple topographic map would have almost certainly saved his life. McCandless was not arrogant, a sociopath, or an idiot, like so many have stated. He may have lacked the common sense to buy a map, but was in no way incompetent. He also made some mistakes that anyone who was not a trained botanist would have made, and was like many young men in that he pushed himself to the extreme limits. Chris McCandless’ story is not unique because he ventured out into the unforgiving wild. It is captivating because McCandless gave up everything to find himself, even if he ended up being lost on the way.

Non Parametric Test

Non Parametric Test is a kind of statistical test that was discovered by Wolfowitz. This test covers a variety of categories and these are the independent samples, dependent samples and the variables relationship with co- variables. To contrast and differentiate measurements is a hard thing to do, one can choose parametric and nonparametric. Non parametric test are those tests that has no postulates about arrangement of population. There a number of nonparametric tests and these includes the Mann- Whitney Test, Wilcoxon and the Kruskal- Wallis test. Mann- Whitney Test is comparing two independent random samples. It has its postulates or assumptions and these are the taking of spontaneous segment of populations, autonomy within data’s gathered and its common independence, its scale is ordinal. The Wilcoxon test or the Wilcoxon signed- rank test is the test that which serves as a replacement of Student’s T test. This was discovered by Frank Wilcoxon. This is comparing a dissimilar measurement that is why it is needed to measure data’s at a gap of measurement. Kruskal- Wallis test, a one way analysis of variance and is used for small samples, it compares unpaired groups. Prism is being used in performing this test. These non parametric tests are usually used in ranking order such as movie reviews. But due to lesser postulates, these non parametric tests are full of vigor or vital. Non parametric tests are easy to use and is much simple than the parametric test. This test can be use on determining the population of those depressed people, emotionally disturbed and mentally ill and it can also be used to know the level or the rank of the most significant reasons why people get emotionally unstable and eventually get depressed.

How the Existence of Firms Shows That There Are Imperfections in the Market Essay

Introduction In 1776 moral philosopher and father of modern economy published his book â€Å"The Wealth of Nations† which singlehandedly changed the way we looked at political economy. The book, which was Adam Smith’s essay originally explaining why some nations are wealthier and more flourished than others, featured a few key insights. One of the most important ideas of the book was what he mentioned as the â€Å"invisible hand† of the economy, stating that market mechanism is perfect and there is no need for an outside intervention for it to function effectively. In his 1982 article â€Å"No need for morality: The Case of Competitive Market†, David Gauthier states that in a â€Å"perfect† market outside intervention will in turn adversely affect the market. However, to contradict this idea, Ronald Coase, in his influential essay â€Å"The Nature of the Firm†, suggested the idea that the existence of firm itself proves that the market mechanism is not perfect. In this paper, I am going to describe what Gauthier meant by a â€Å"perfect† market, how the existence of firm proves that there are imperfections in the market and an evaluation of both the theories. What is Gauthier’s idea of a â€Å"perfect† market? In his paper article â€Å"No need for morality: The Case of Competitive Market†, Gauthier describes the perfect market as having the following criteria: 1. Individual Endowment and Private Goods In the perfect market, the market is comprised of individual buyers and sellers, and they are all seeking to maximize their own utility. Goods are privately owned, hence ownership is fairly simple and direct. 2. Free market activity, mutual unconcern and the absence of externalities Individual buyers and sellers are free to make their own decisions and they will try to maximize their utility, regardless of the other party or parties’ concern. There are no external factors that can affect the market mechanism 3. Market is perfectly competitive and operating at an equilibrium This means that in the market after a transaction individual gain is assured, in that each can do as well as he/she can, given the other parties actions. Also, in an equilibrium, no one can be better off without someone else being worse off. (Gauthier 1982) Gauthier states that the buyers and sellers in a perfectly competitive market are rational and utility maximizing. Individuals are fully capable of maximizing gain and welfare through the market mechanism without the existence of firms or regulatory bodies. Imagine a rice market where individual sellers set up stalls for individual buyers to buy without the requirement of an outside intervention, that would be a perfectly competitive market. How does the existence of firms prove that the market is not perfect? In his paper Nature of the Firm, Ronald Coase addresses questions such as â€Å"Why do firms exist?† and â€Å"Why isn’t everything done by the market?† In his article he states how imperfections in the market lead individuals to form companies rather than trading bilaterally through short term contracts in the market. The central premise of his theory was that firms exist simply because transactions are cheaper when carried out internally (i.e. within a firm) rather than externally (Coase, 1937). He states that trading bilaterally in the market can impose a great deal of transaction costs, such as hiring workers, negotiating prices and forming short term contracts. Therefore a firm is a device or a nexus of long term contracts under a manager/entrepreneur who brings all the resources together under one roof. The main contrast between Gauthier’s market mechanism and Coase’s firms is that, individuals find is cheaper and more effective work in a hierarchical structure by forming a firm, rather than trading directly in the market. Ronald Coase quotes D.H. Robertson to provide an analogy for the existence of firms: â€Å"Islands of conscious power in this ocean of unconscious co-operation like lumps of butter coagulating in a pail of buttermilk.† Here, firms are the islands of conscious power, and the market is the ocean of unconscious co-operation, provides a good comparison for the two different mechanism. According to Gauthier’s, the utility maximizing buyers and sellers can individually profit more through operating directly through the market without the need for a hierarchical firm. In reality, the market is imperfect (i.e. utility cannot be maximized individually) and firms are the answer to these imperfections. Evaluation Gauthier’s view was not to prove that the market is perfect, but that if there was such a perfect market there would be no need for regulatory bodies or moral constraints. â€Å"Our concern is to show that morality has no place in an ideal context of interaction, not to claim that this ideal has direct practical application†, writes Gauthier. So his paper states the needlessness of morality in a perfectly competitive market, which does not exist in reality. Modern market is comprised of large corporations, which in turn disproves the idea that the market is not as perfect as Smith thought it to be. Adam Smith’s approach was to provide a simplistic answer to inefficient government intervention and bureaucracies, and to this day globalization, free market and specialization have been key to the success of our economy. Both Adam Smith’s and Ronald Coase’s literature have been put to question throughout, and their theories have been refined to meet the expectations of modern economics. However, their theories lay the fundamental groundwork for modern economic theory. The 2008 financial market crash is a great example of a situation where Smith’s â€Å"invisible hand† failed to protect the society’s welfare, where a handful of Wall Street investment firms fraudulently sold billions of dollars of worth securities to its clients, that lost its value overnight. The need for morality and external regulatory bodies, the existence of firms and modern corporate culture disproves the idea that the market is perfect. Bibliography Coase, Ronald. 1937. â€Å"The Nature of the Firm,† Economica, 4: 386-405 Gauthier, David. 1982. â€Å"No Need for Morality: The Case of the Competitive Market†. Philosophic Exchange, 3: 41-54

Project Management Strategic Issues Assignment

Project Management Strategic Issues - Assignment Example The design of the building was given by  Enric  Miralles  and the construction of the building started in June 1999. The project was a constant target of disagreement and condemnation for the choice of the site, complex design and costs incurred. The final completion date of the building was in 2004, which was almost three years behind the original schedule and the project overran the cost of ?40m to ?414m which was many folds higher than the allocated budget. The major reason for the cost overrun as explained in the public enquiry by Peter Fraser in 2003 were the inefficient methods in which most important design changes were executed by the  Holyrood  project team. The paper undertakes a detailed study of the Scottish Parliament project, the reasons of the failure of the project, the course of direction as the project advanced to its final stage and the  recommendations  that could have saved the failure of the project followed by conclusion. ... The Management appeared to be unable to give a clear perception of the Quality v/s Cost aspect of the Project, which led to complications later on.  The initial cost estimate of the New Project at  Holyrood  was  GBP  40  Miilion, subsequently revised to  GBP  50 Million. However this was never believed to have any sanctity. The Acting Minister of Scotland, Mr. Donald Dewar desired the project to be completed as early as possible. The process of selecting the Construction Management was done without adequate regard for the risk factors. Quality was the over-riding priority in the scheme of things, rather than cost and timely execution. It was much later when the delay became a very visible issue that stress was laid on completing it early. Even at that stage no rescheduling of the work to reflect the acceleration of pace was done. The cost escalated unreasonably because of the numerous design additions and alterations demanded by the client. Fig 2: Escalated Costs sin ce Sep 2000 2.2 Lack of Budget Clarity The Project was managed through Construction by Contracting.  The utilization of this type  of project management methodology permits the initiation of the on-site construction before the finalization of the complete project design. This strategy helps to reduce the time. However, in the case of the  Holyrood  project, no main contractor was hired  initially  and the client hired as many as 60 small time individual contractors whose services were taken up at different times. These individual contractors were to work under a construction management  firm  and the client remained the employer at all times. However, this  method turned

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Summary - Essay Example The chapter addresses the ambiguous nature of the behaviors of basking sharks. Wells points out that very few facts are known about the basking sharks, which makes it almost impossible to come up with ways to preserve it. It is among the most sought fish species to an extent that it has been declared as an endangered species yet its mating and breeding habits are mysterious. This has made it almost impossible for zoologists to protect their young ones artificially. Irrespective of its large size, the basking shark has not been able to escape from the human impacts. It is quite unclear why the basking sharks choose to stay close to the water surface where planktons are minimal. Additionally this behavior exposes them to the danger of being fished. Though there have been regulations set to regulate the fishing of basking shark, it becomes impossible to avoid trapping the off springs of basking shark since it is hard to tell their whereabouts. However, Wells criticizes the enthusiasm wi th which humans harpoon the endangered species whenever they can. The mating habits of the basking sharks and their behaviors are incomprehensible to many. Even to the marine zoologists know too little to compile a history of this organism. One of the least understood behavior is the migration of the basking sharks to the bottom of the ocean during winter. ... Unlike other types of fish where age can be predicted by observing the scales, sharks have no scales. Vital information such as the rate of reproduction amongst the basking sharks remains unknown. Irrespective of the fact that basking sharks are often harpooned or netted, it is almost impossible to capture a pregnant female. According to Wells (76) the only pregnant female that has ever been captured, in 1936, gave birth to five living young ones ascertaining that basking sharks are viviparous like other sharks. This is quite strange and makes it hard to determine the growth rate of basking sharks. The ratio of males to females is unknown in addition to the unknown mating habits. It is hard to contemplate of an organism considered the second largest fish that is often harpooned, yet so little is known about it. The attempts made to track the movements of basking sharks to see if it could help reveal a little about their life history were unsuccessful. Wells attributes this to the unw illingness of any authorities to fund the operations. This is because most people view conservative efforts as irrelevant. Since animals migrate freely across territorial and economic boundaries, it becomes nobody’s business to ensure that they are protected. The same individual who do so little to protect the endangered species end up being the beneficiaries of the over exploitative fishing behaviors exhibited towards the species. Zoologists who are concerned with the welfare of animal species have little say particularly on issues regarding fishing of sharks for economic gain. Their efforts to give advice on measures that can be taken to protect endangered species are ignored by those who fear that

Reading journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reading journal - Essay Example not necessarily translate into the death of their own culture as proven by the Japanese lifestyle that successfully combines the traditional Japanese culture with their own brand of American influence in their modern culture and traditions. Therefore, it is his honest opinion that America and globalization cannot be blamed for the evolving cultures and traditions in a world that shares influences amongst one another via various fields of technology, economic progress, or law creation. This reading raises a concern for me though. America has been at the forefront of globalization since the late 20th century, heavily promoting open markets and other â€Å"capitalist† beneficial actions on the world stage. Globalization is not something that happened because the world wanted it to happen. There was a country that was instrumental in influencing the other nations to give it a try. Up until recently, before the economic slump of the United States, that role was something was something the capitalists of the nation adhered to as a business model, thinking that it would be beneficial to their business growth. But the minute the model failed, they refused to accept the blame for what happened. That is not the United States that has been recognized as a world leader for centuries. Nye wants us to believe that the United States is blameless in all that has happened and that the same thing would have happened regardless of who the world leader was. On the contrary, t here are more conservative cultures in other countries that would not have allowed the same thing to happen because they would not have thought of globalization as a world business model in the first

Social Activist Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Social Activist - Coursework Example Moreover, I will be capable of employing more youths, improving community health, and offering job trainings to other members of the community. Making necessary development on the single mothers by organizing for them programs of certified daycares will be upon me. However, I will ensure that the anti-crime patrol unit that will be in charge of controlling the crime rate and maintaining peace within the community members (Needleman & Ruth, 1998). Being also a policy analyst, I am able to spend much time in gathering, analyzing and distributing data that is related on how credit union should serve the poor communities. On the other side, am able to defend the civil rights of the people and to pressure for the quality affordable structures to the members of the community. As an activist, one is capable of providing himself first priority in benefitting before others as leaders by building themselves quality houses in their respective homes instead of giving the poor and the disabled first chances (Gary & Herr, 2007). Some may go to the extent that they go against the law by violating the right of others disabled members. Active activists give themselves more security compared to others. Activists find it hard in organizing their works to meet the need and desires of the community members (Gary & Herr, 2007). In conjunction to this, they spend more time in their respective work places to ensure terms and conditions are met. Several opposes also comes in from their subjects. Louise B. Simmons (1994). Of Connecticut School of Social Work, West Hartford, Connecticut. University Retrieved from http://urban.uconn.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/438/2014/09/Louise-Simmions-CV-FA-14-version.pdf Needleman, R. (1998). Building Relationship For The Long Haul: Unions And Community-Based Groups Working Together To Organize Low Wage Workers. Retrieved from

Team project bragging plan Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Team project bragging plan - Coursework Example This must be computed by choosing between the higher rate between the regular step rate for his/her job position and initial step of other classification. Employee is paid 2 times the normal time in case they seek overtime. Any work past 40 hours is considered overtime. However, employees are not allowed to work more than 40 hours as their overtime. The union is not supposed to use overtime as an excuse to reduce the work time for employer. Sick leave accumulates pay credits for the whole employment month. It is scheduled 9-10 hours per week. For personal leaves, the scheduled hours per week are 37-40. The bereavement leave is allowed for 7 days, voting has 1 day leave and family leave happens for three months. Medical leave has no probation. Â  The union allows workers in HR, financial department, IT department, and other interior workers national holiday’s day off due to flexibility of their work. However, other workers such as housekeeper, front desk receiver, and kitchen department maximum of 1/3 holiday leave as their work is inevasible in holidays. The union pays workers working 2/3 of the public holiday annually with overtime benefits during the public

The Great Migration and The Harlem Renaissance Research Paper

The Great Migration and The Harlem Renaissance - Research Paper Example The Southern agricultural economy meant that African American farmers had to borrow from wealthy white men in order to sow and harvest. The accruing interest made it impossible for the black man to fully enjoy the toils of his hard work. Other African Americans who worked as farmhands were paid just enough to afford them through every day without a sustainable future. The rural South offered little other choices for the African Americans who were poorly educated, socially ostracized and stuck in a vicious cycle of poverty. Education remained a distant dream for the African Americans in the South given the cost of education. The only real choice left for millions of African Americans in the South was to emigrate to the North. The North offered better employment opportunities in factories and services based businesses. In addition, the African Americans in the North were offered better opportunities for education and, hence, a means of social mobility. Greater social respect also playe d its part in convincing millions of African Americans to emigrate to the North. The First World War also played an important role in forcing millions of African Americans to the doors of factories. The onset of the war had meant that labor was in short supply in the Northern urban centers. In order to replenish labor supplies, African Americans from the South moved to industrial centers such as Detroit where they were in large demand. The oppressive Jim Crow regime in the South along with the Ku Klax Klan’s exploits also forced a large number of African Americans to find better social living conditions. The wave of emigration from the rural South to the urban North began in the early twentieth century and persisted well into the third quarter of the twentieth century. The migration of African Americans by the millions into the cities is better known as the Great Migration. The first wave of the Great Migration forced some 1.6 million African Americans to move from the rural South to the more urbanized areas. This wave can be traced from the 1910s to the 1930s where the African Americans moved to the urban centers in the North and the mid-West (Arnesen 15). As a consequence of the Great Migration, the outlook of major urban centers in the United States began to change. The influx of new industrial workers in industrial urban centers meant that the composition of industrial workers began to change. Housing became a large problem since the new workers did not have a purpose to built housing facilities. The new emigrants were confined to their own territories such as the Bronx in New York. The social exclusivity of the neighborhoods in these urban centers provided rich grounds for a new cultural transformation. This move was catalyzed by the onset of education in these new neighborhoods. The new wave of immigrants provided the human resources as well as the audience required for a new cultural infusion (Andrews, Foster and Harris 103).  

Bad News Message Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Bad News Message - Essay Example it fell in a bucket of water when a child was attempting to use it unsupervised, it is considered as a personal irresponsibility and the warranty does not cover damage to the products due to personal irresponsibility. So unfortunately, your request regarding the refund or replacement of the hair dryer you purchased cannot be entertained for the following reasons: Our company’s technicians, however, will be more than happy to repair your hair dryer but there will be service charges applicable and answer any queries regarding its maintenance. We assure you that our technicians would be able to repair your hair dryer and make it reusable in no time, as we are here for your service. If you are interested in getting your hair dryer repaired then contact at us at our repair centre and let us know. If you are aware of someone else having similar problems with their products, please recommend us to them as we will be more than happy to help them

Child Welfare Information Gateway Essay Example for Free

Child Welfare Information Gateway Essay In every state in the United States, teachers are subject to mandatory reporting laws (Smith 2006). In most cases that means the teacher is required to contact a law enforcement agency or child protective services regarding the allegations of abuse.   The law is rapidly changing regarding the requirements for reporting abuse and in many cases mandatory reporting laws have been extended from child care professionals and medical professions to the clergy as well (Smith 2006). Each state’s definition of when a teacher must report suspected abuse varies, but there is no state that penalizes a teacher who, acting in good faith made a report that turned out to be wrong. In the case of Mary, once her friend tells the teacher that Mary’s new step-father is â€Å"doing bad things to her†, the teacher is under a legal and moral obligation to report the suspected abuse to the proper authorities for investigation. If the teacher has reason to question the validity of Mary’s friend’s statement, she should explain that to the investigating authority as well, but making the report is an indisputable necessity. Teachers and others who are listed as mandatory reporters can face civil and criminal penalties for failing to report suspected abuse if something untoward should happen to the child. More importantly, though teachers are trained to spot early signs of abuse and neglect and report them, teachers do not have the extensive training necessary to investigate the accusations and make a determination whether abuse is happening. In this way, a teacher is not only protecting the child, but also protecting herself in reporting (Smith 2006). The issue for the teacher can be one of legal protection and emotional protection. Most people, including teachers, would feel tremendous guilt if they determine no abuse was happening, failed to report it to other authorities and then the child was injured through abuse. The decision then to talk to Mary about the accusations is a difficult one. Obviously, if Mary has been a student that the teacher is close with and has routinely shared her private life with her teacher, then approaching the subject delicately can let Mary know there is someone on her side. However, if talking with Mary is mishandled, it could hamper her future school relationships and potentially hamper the official investigation into the abuse. The correct way for a teacher to handle this would be to talk to the student privately at a time when it does not appear that talking with the teacher is punishment. Talking with her over a recess break or during a fun classroom activity could lead a seven-year-old to believe that she had done something wrong and was being punished for it. Therefore, given Mary’s age it might be appropriate to begin the conversation in as non-threatening a manner as possible. Selecting Mary for a chance to offer â€Å"special assistance† to the teacher might be an easy way to arrange to have the conversation. If Mary is helping the teacher to retrieve supplies or set up a fun classroom segment, she might be more at ease than if a formal meeting were set up. Remember, the key is making Mary comfortable. Once the when has been established, the how of the discussion becomes less arduous, though it is still a difficult task. The teacher must again continue to be as non-threatening as possible and must be certain not to betray Mary’s friend’s trust. If Mary believes her friend is â€Å"tattling† on her, she is likely to become more withdrawn and less willing to talk.   One approach that might work is to ask Mary about the symptoms she was exhibiting in a non-accusatory way. For example, asking Mary if she’s having trouble sleeping or casually discussing Mary’s home life. A teacher could consider an opening question like, â€Å"Mary, I noticed you seemed really sleepy this morning (last week, Tuesday, whenever). Do you have trouble sleeping at night like I do?† The teacher immediately establishes a common thread with Mary and does not appear to be asking about troubling or scary situations. Then, the teacher should ask deeper more pertinent questions based on the flow of the conversation. If it is determined that Mary has been abused, the consequences for her could be grave. Most studies report that the age and amount of psychological development at the time of the abuse largely affect the long-term consequences. (Child Welfare 2006). In Mary’s case, long term physical effects can include poor health or injury, depending on what types of bag things her step-father is doing to her. Children who are exposed to sexual abuse face a danger of sexually-transmitted diseases in addition to the physical effects of the abuse. Psychological consequences of the abuse can be even more damaging, long term.   An abused child is likely to have inappropriate social boundaries, either being to gregarious and open sexually or becoming withdrawn. They often also face cognitive development problems and mental health issues. As teens, children who were abused face greater risks of drug and alcohol abuse and greater instances of juvenile delinquency and crime. In short, if this is occurring, then Mary needs to be protected as soon as possible. (Child Welfare 2006). Longitudinal studies have shown that the longer the abuse continues, the more drastic the consequences might be. REFERENCES Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2006 , http://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/factsheets/long_term_consequences.cfm, July 24, 2007. Smith, Susan K. â€Å"Mandatory Reporting of Child Abuse and Neglect† Nov. 2, 2006, http://www.smithmoorellc.com/mandatory_reporting.htm July 24, 2007.

Food Essay Essay Example for Free

Food Essay Essay Food. When people see or hear that word, many of them think of food as something that just keeps us healthy and alive. In my perspective that is true. But there is so much more to it than many people see. It is cultural, a tradition, and can have many different meanings. It can also be seen as edible art and a way to express yourself. To me, it is a way to get away from everything. As a child, I didn’t enjoy eating what my parents wanted me to. I was obsessed with sugary treat and that is almost the only thing I’d enjoy eating. Going to the dentist was always a pain because I was always scared of the dentist which till this day I don’t like going to the dentists. My mother would always think I would have a lot of cavities but to her surprise I never had any cavities as a child. But the bad side was, I would always get stomach aches because of the amounts of sugar I would eat. Even that wouldn’t stop my sweet tooth. As I got older I slowly realized that there are so many other foods that taste amazing! I would begin eating more and more foods that were different. And nowadays I love food! I eat everything that my mother will cook; I am not the same picky child as I was before. I not only love to eat food, but I love to cook as well. I’m definitely not an amazing cook but I still love it and it means a lot to me. Just give me a recipe and the ingredients and I will be fine. Just like anyone my age, I started off cooking small and easy foods. I would begin with cooking eggs, omelets, brownies and pancakes. And I would slowly make more and more types of food. For example I love cooking pasta and making sushi with my mother. It doesn’t seem like very high end kind of foods to make but it does the job well and tastes great and is healthy at the same time. Now that I am an adult, more is more expected from me from both my parents and my boyfriend. All three of them are making me learn to cook more and more because it’s something everyone my age should know how to do. Food is not only great tasting, but also is a stress reliever; a mood changer. Whenever I am feeling down, sad or maybe even bored I can always count on my kitchen because it isn’t going anywhere and is always there when I need it. Especially when I have an anxiety attack and I just want to be alone, I plug in my earphones, turn up my music and eat of course. It really helps me at home and helps me cope with being away from my boyfriend who is stationed on the other side of America and who just got home from Afghanistan. Just something about food that helps me feel better all the time. As a child I remember always watching my mother cooking and all. And just like every other child I always wanted to help because it would make me feel more grown up. So as awesome as my mother is, she would let me help her. Of course she gave me the easiest things to help her with. For example, if she was baking a cake she would let me crack the eggs, put in the butter, use the measuring cup to put in the right amount of flour. And she would even let me mix the batter too sometimes. When my mother would let me do all those things it made me feel so empowered and I felt like a responsible adult. As I got older, cooking had a special place in my heart. She would slowly let me make on my own, with her by my side of course. Making sure I’m doing it right. Till this day I remember always sneaking into the kitchen and steal some batter from the cake she was making and run off giggling. I would also sneak the chocolate she was using. Every time my mother bakes, I always have these memories. The house would always smell so good when she would cook. Food isn’t just plain and simple. It is unique and is almost fragile. While cooking even the smallest change in the recipe can change the taste of the dish dramatically. With spices especially it can change the food because if you put too little it won’t taste good, same if you out too much. You have to put in the perfect amount for it to taste good. Not only is the taste of the food good, but also the smell of the food while cooking is amazing. While cooking the smell of the food cooking just makes you want to eat it a lot more. When it comes to cooking, my mother is my biggest inspiration because no matter what is going on at home, when my mom fixes us some food; it of course doesn’t fix any of the problems but it does lighten the mood and helps us feel a little better. I’ve noticed that many arguments are when people are hungry or have an empty stomach. She absolutely loves cooking and it makes her happy and it’s the same for me as well. As I was younger, I would love to watch cooking shows where they compete over who can cook the best, also I would love watching the shows where they show a lot of cooking gadgets. Those shows always caught my attentions. Watching those shows just amazes me because of the things people can create with food, it’s just breath taking and makes me so happy! As for being Ukrainian and Polish, we h ave many different types of food that we make. In my culture we eat a lot of potatoes. Many people think it’s funny and weird that we eat a lot of potatoes but to me it tastes good and it is very healthy. We also make many different salads. Being Ukrainian and Polish and coming from a fairly large family, we eat a lot so it opens my eyes to many different types of food and makes me interested in trying everything. If I had to describe food in my perspective in the least amount of words I’d have to say that food to me is not just food, it’s a way I live my day to day life and what I create with food is not just to keep me stress free but is also a hobby and a way I keep people I know happy. Food isn’t just something we can just describe as a culture or what goes in our stomachs.